HomeMy WebLinkAboutSupplemental Information - California, An Economic ProfileMEMORANDUM
To: Mayor and Members of the City Council
Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission
Attention: John B. Bahorski, City Manager
From: Lee Wldttenberg, Detector of Development Services J�l�l/
Subject: "California — An Economic Profile , prepared by the
California Technology, Trade and Commerce Agency; Office
of Economic Research
Date: May 10, 2001
Provided as an attachment is the subject document for your information. It provides an excellent
overview of the overall economic profile of the State of California. The document is also available
for downloading from the Internet at hap: /, commeme.ca.eov /economy.
Attachment: "California— An Economic Profile ", prepared by the California Technology, Trade
and Commerce Agency; Office of Economic Research, dated January 2001
C:Wy Dacommm \ECowmic De elo mea\Califomia Economic Pmfile Me .&c\ W54MI
California has the largest and most diverse economy in the
nation. In 2000, despite a slower national economy, weakening
international markets, a dot -com stock slide, and a troubled
energy market, the state completed its seventh year of expan-
slon, a duration that significantly exceeded all mpectations.
At the beginning of 2001, the state and national economy
continued to slow. Thestock marketstarted 2001 with the Dow
JonesIndustrlal Average nudging the 11,000mark. Buhbeforethe
nrstquarterwas over, the average dropped[, a low of9,106. Also
InthefL quarter, Califomiabeganrollingbiwkouts toconserve
energy, as thesupply outstripped demand.
'T'hechmgmtheowme haveonthe CaBfom mommywillbe
covered in the next edition of Calbbrnia.An6mr cPmfile. This
edition reviews the economic conditions through 2000.
As mcentlyasthe late- 1980s, the Callfomiaeconomywas heavily
dependentonaerospacemd defense- mlaWdjobsNmanufactudng
andgovenment. However,afterdramaticcun Ndefemespending
and arecessi,n in the early 1990s, Califomis reinvented Itselfand
emergedwlthasubsmntiallydiffemntemnomy .By1 9966 snew
economy had replaced all of thejobs lost In the recession with new
j obs in a variety of emerging and traditional Industries.
Today, Califomiahasamuchmorediverseandkr ledge -based
service economy that has also maintained in dominance in high
value -added manufacturing and design. With strengths in high -
tech manufacturing and services, foreign trade, and professional
services, California has positioned Itself as a leader in advanced
telecommunimdom ,multimedia,biotechnology.and Internete Wp-
Inside
ment and software. California has also bolstered Its positions in
entertainment and tourism, fashion design, and agriculture.
All the while, California bas remained the industrial power-
house of the West, providing 13 percent of the U.S. Gross
Domestic Product in 1999, and generating more goods and
services than all of the other westem states combined. In 2000,
California added more than 448,000 Jobs, while the average
annual unemployment mtedroppedto 4.9 %, rearhing 4.6 %in
D.ber2000. Perrapitapersoralinmmeinaeasedw $32,275,
a 7.9 percent increase from 1999. The income Increasewaswe8
ahead of the price Illation rate of 3.4 percent, thus miring
purrhasingpower.
Thmugh2000, Calif iasecommicprosperitymdmuldng
qualityoflifeattratted peoplefmmallaromd theworld. Onein
four residents of the state's 34 million residenn h foreign bom,
crewtingawealthofedmiccliversity.
Demographics
Califomiaspopulatimgrewenonnouslyintheyearsfofl wng
the Second World War. In 1946, 9.6 million people lived in
Califomia. By2000,t hepapiAadanhadlncrea5edw34 .3miUWn.
Althoughtbepopuladongrewatmn ualmteof2.6pe ntfmm
1946 to 1990, growth slowed to anamualrate of 1.4 percentm
the 1990sduetuadom esdcexodusthatpeakedin 1994. Despite
this slowdown, California still increased its share of the U.S.
population from 6.8 percent in 1946, to 12.3 percent W 2000.
Demographics .................. 1
Labor Force ...................... 3 5
Income ..............................4 4
Inflation ............................. 4 3
Real Estate Markets ......... 5 2
Gross State Product......... 6
Forces in the Economy .... 7
California Industries .......... 8
California Exports ........... 11
California Population
Annual Growth, 1950 -2000
o nummnnannmwnnenmmnwunuee
1950 1975 2000
Continued, next page
CALIFORNIA
Demographics, continued
Metropolitan Statistical Areas
and Component Counties, Census 2000
Migratlonfrom other statessnd foreigncommes hasalways had
- - -- - - --
- - - -.._ _.____-
a major influence onthe size arrd composition ofCalifhrob's popu-
% Growth
lation. Mmico, the Philippines and the people's Republic of China
Population
7990 to
have been the source of the greatest number oflegal immigrants to
April 2000
2000
California. These threecountrieeaccountedformore than halfofa0
IegaltrnmigrantsenteingCalifomia. Otherrmjorsourcesofimmi-
CALIFORNIA
33,871,648
13.8
grants includeVlemam, India, D Salvadorand Korea.
Northern
Because of the continuing Mmigration and high birth .aces,
Sacramento Valley
505,576
11.9
California's minority population is expected to continue to grow
Butte
203,171
11.6
rapidly. Census 2000 showed that the total ofa0 ethnic minority
Shasta
163,256
11.0
populations composed more than 53 percent of California's
Sutter
78,930
22.5
population, up 10 percentage points from the 1990 Census.
Yuba
60,219
3.4
Southern
Sacramento Valley
1,796,857
21.5
2000 California Racial
El Dorado
156,299
24.1
and Ethnic Composition
Placer
248,399
43.8
Sacramento
1,223,499
17.5
Y010
168,660
19.5
American
San Francisco
Indian Asian 2 +Races
Bay Area
7,039,362
12.6
O 10.8% . 27% other
Alameda
1,443,741
12.9
0.2%
Contra Costa
948,816
18.1
Black
Black White
Marin
247,289
7.5
6.4% 46.7%
Napa
124,279
12.2
San Francisco
776,733
7.3
K'
San Mateo
707,161
8.9
Santa Clara
1,682,585
12.4
Hispanic pacific
Santa Cruz
255,602
11.3
32'4% Islander
Solano
394,542
15.9
0.3%
Sonoma
458,614
18.1
Central Coast
1,047,790
11.2
Two - thirds ofCalifomla's population live in the coastal urban
Monterey
401,762
13.0
aressaurroundingthe San Francisco and Los Angeles metropolitan
San Luis Obispo
246,681
13.6
areas. The San Francisco Bay Area is home to approximately, 21
Santa Barbara
399,347
8.0
perrentofthestatespopulatioo. CounuxalongtherwrthoftheBay
San Joaquin Valley
3,173,331
20.2
areprimadlyresidential, while the South Bayhasbecomeamajor
Fresno
799,407
19.8
Industrial center with the growth of the electronic and computer
Kem
661,645
21.7
industries. SantaClara Countylsnowthemortpopuloms ntyin
Madera
123,109
39.8
the Bay Area, andmakes up the heart of Silicon Valley.
Merced
210,554
18.0
TheGreaterl. osAngeimAreakthelargestmeuopolitanar the
San Joaquin
563,598
17.3
state,andthesecond largestmemopolitanareain the United States.
Stanlslaus
446,997
20.6
OrigWOy,thepopWauonwasconc atedi Ll Angela County
Tulare
368,021
18.0
and spread much into Orange County and irdand to Riverside and
S. BemardirrCoumes. Atfirsgtheseothercoundesweremerely
Greater Los Angeles
16,373,645
12.7
residential suburbs, but arenow majorcommercial centers in their
Los Angeles
9,519,338
7.4
7.4
owMosto
Orange
2,846,289
Cadonk
Mostofe San in
Riverside
1,545,387
32.0
Diego area
between the San Diego area and the Central Valley. Cities In the
alley. Cities the
San Bernardino
1,709,434
20.5
Central Valley, su rh as Sacramento and Fresno, have grown rapidly
Ventura
753,197
12.6
intheputdecade,att aingbusinessesandhomw " mwithopm
San Diego
2,813,833
12.6
land, almer costofliving, and seismic safety.
Remaining
24 Counties
1,121,254
16.4
Labor Force
The strong economy in the late 19905 pushed the demand for
labor force employment. In 2000, the state reached record levels of
employment and a record low unemployment rate.
The Califomla labor force, as measured by monthly household
surveys conducted by the U. S. Bureau ofLaborStatkOcs, fluctuated
along with the population In the 1980s and 1990s. As Callfomia
emerged from the 1980 -82 recession, employment grew rapidly,
fueled by defense spending and boommlicumtructionmarkets. The
unemployment rate dropped sharply, fa0ing below the U. S. unem-
ployment rate in 1986.
The recession of 1990 -1991 hit Califomiaharder damths rert
ofthe U.S..andhatedlonger. The numberofemployed persons
fell slightly, while the number entering the laborform continued
to grow. As a result, the unemployment rate increased sharply.
In 1993, while the U.S. is declined, California's rate increased
to an annual avenge of 9.4 percent. The unemployment rate
finally started a decline in 1994. Over the next six years, the
state's unemployment rate continued to drop, reaching an
annual rate of 4.9 percent in 2000.
Unemployment Rates
% Annual Averages, 1980 -2000
12
yalifornij
9 I �I
6 —
a '_ UniteciStates
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Labormarkacondidon provedthmugh Z000asthemonomy
set a record -long expansion. In February, the number of unem-
ployed dipped below 780,000. It had only dropped below the
900.000 mark In April 1999. From 1999, employment grew by
448,000, and the number ofunemployed declined by 31,000. In
February 2000, and again in December, the unemployment rate
dipped to 4.6 percent, a 30 -year low.
The greatest increase In employment continued to be driven by
service- producing industries, adding 239,500 newjobs in 2000.
Business services, specifically computer programming and related
services,game lthemostemploymenc Goverrmentandretalltrade
had thesecondand durdlargestinermse,respectively. Retailtade
was led by eating and drinking places, a reflection of the growing
population and continued consumer confidence.
Afteradeclinsin 1999, manufacturingroseby21,000in2000.
Manufacturing grew in construction- related Industries, such w
fumhureandrixtures,md swne,glassarudclay,and fabricatedmetal
products.
An Economic Profile
2000 Average Annual
Unemployment Rate
MQ -AP%
#.1 -6.0 %
B.1 . 8,0%
8a -10.0%
W 901 %and highe>
x
The average unemployment rate for 2000 was 4.9 percent,
downfrom5.2percentin 1999. Thennamploym su atesemamed
above 10 percentinthirteencountles.
Though unemployment rates vary widely across the state, all
counties in the state enjoyed a decrease in unemployment rates in
thelastyearsofthedecade. Calfomia'srural and amotemunties
consistently have higher unemployment rates than the major
metropolitan areas. The Centro Valley, Imperial County and
north¢m counties typi W ly have the highest u nemployment rates
because of seasonalj obs in the agricultural, forestry, and tourism
industries
Unemployment ates are lowest in the San Francisro Bay Area,
where the eronomy is supported by the growth of high technology
industries. Tourism, government, and agriculture support the
Central Coastal counties where unemployment rata are moderate.
The Los Angeles area fuadiyjoined the statewide economic
recovery attheendofthe 1990s. Los Angeles fared worse than the
rest ofthestare mthe 1990 -91 economic downtum asaresult of
cuts indefense spending, and overbuilding ofcommercialprop-
erty. However, demandformotion pictures crulumedia,medical
technologies, andthe strength ofexports shippedfrom thepons
ofLmAngelesand Long Beachwerekeystothesta ewiderecovery.
CALIFORNIA
Income
Ca ifomismal per capitalncomegrewstead➢y in the 1980s, but
declined with the recession of 1990 -1991. In 1994, Canfomiaper
capita personal Income growth began to strengthen, and reached
$29,910 in 1999. Per capita income for the U.S. as a whole was
$28,542.
Historically, incomes N California have been significantly higher
than in the rest of the U.S. But, in the early 1990s, severe cuts in
defense spending resulted in the loss ofmany high-payingdefense-
related Jobs. This trend had turned around by the middle of the
decade. High technologyoccupadombegancontributngsignin-
cant numbers ofjobs paying above-average wages. In addition, a
strong stock market drove up the value of stocks, thereby con Wbut-
Ingmperaapitaincome. California real per capita income was
percent higher than the U.S. average in 1999, downfrom 11 percent
in 1989.
Thereisasubstarr tialvarlatlonin'urcome azross thesta[e.lncomes
tend to be higher in the higher cost, major metropolitan areas, and
lower in the rural counties.
In general, counties with high unemployment rates have low per
capitainwmeancisimsersa. However, there aresome exceptions.
Many of the smaller coastal arsd rural counties are atuaaive places to
live and thetr per capita income maybe pushed up by a small number
ofwealthyresidents. Some counties in the Sierra Nevada have low
incomesandlowunemploymentratesbemuseasigni icantshareof
the population are resort workers who leave the area when no work
havallable.
Per capita income is particularly high in the San Francisco Bay
Area. Four Bay Area counties had per capita incomes exceeding
$40,0001n 1 998, thelatestyearforwhich countydamane available.
Per capha income N Made County was $52,869, one of the highest
inthe United States.
Per Capita Personal Income
30,000
27,000
24,000
21,000
10,000
15,000
1979 1984 1989 1994 1999
Inflation
Price inflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index
(CPI], accelerated in 1999 and 2000, following several years of
reladvestabWty.
Priori. the 1990 -91 U.S. recession, inflation inthestatewas
as high as 5.5 percent. compared to 5.4 percent for the nation.
During Califontia sprolonged recession, inflation dipped to 1.4
percent in 1994.
Consumer Price Index
Year- to-YearChange
6%
❑Us MCA
2% -
0%
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
In 1995, the state began a strong recovery led by high -tech
exports. Inflation in the state began to rise, but wascurbedinlate-
1997by the Asia fmancialcrisis. Thlscrisieboosted the U.S. dollar
Into 1 998, and kept inflation in check by decreasing exports and
increasing cheaper Imports. The weak Asian economies also
reduced demand for energy and commodities, resulting in lower
primeworldwide.
By 1999, theAsian economies began toshow signs oframwa y.
and price inflation in the state and nation gradually Increased. In
2000, price Illation In California was 3.7 percent, and 3.4
percentforthenation.
Consumer Price Index
Year4o -Year Change, by Region
5X
■San Franelaeo ®Los anycles
4x
3%
tx WI I
OX ;
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Regionally, pricesm theSan Franciscoregionhaverisen( aster
than the rest of the state, led by phenomenal growth in the Silicon
Valley. Housingpriceshawmaredwlththemedianhomepdce
excesting$500,000m2000. Labor shortages in key industries
have also driven upwages.
Pdceinflatloninthe Los Angelmregionremainedlowerthm
the San Franciscoregion.butnev helessInaaasedafullpercent-
age point in 2000 compared to 1999.
Real Estate Markets
California real estate construction remained strong through
2000, maintaining the head of steam it picked up m 1996.
Rd.dvelystable Ins, a to $,sttbngdemandmmanyareas,andthe
availability of capital all contributed to the expanding real estate
market.
Strong economic growth from 1996 through 2000 was a boon
forthe real estate industry. The strong economy created more than
tvmmiRion newjobssblcethelowpointmMayl993. Manyofthese
new workers came from outside the $rate, pushing demand for
maidectualreal estate. All overthestate. mormhometwoerspurchased
move -up homes, and more former renters bought fuss, homes.
Demand outstripped supply during this economic expansion
due in part to caution against over - building on the part of some
developers. When the economy went into recession in the early
1990$, many developers were left with an oversupply of inventory.
During the prolonged recovery in the late 1990s, real estateproducts
were released In smaller, increments to prevent aslm0ar occurrence.
In some regions, the supply was further restricted by a shortage of
construction workers. The supply of skilled labor did not meet
demand in some construction specialties.
Homeequitygo w inmany regions. IntheSm Francisto Bayaea,
demand reached unprecedented levels with the boom in Silicon
Valley, and a dearth of avallable space for new construction. By
2000, affordability ate$ declined even though mortgage Interest
rates had Fluctuated very little.
Median Home Price Trends ($)
5n non - --
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
An Economic Profile
Real Estate Construction Value
($ billion)
50
■ Nomesl
ao -
❑Resider
30 -
20
10-
D— —
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Residential home construction value reached $27.9 billion in
2000. up 8.2 percent compared to the prior year. Construction
volume of apartments and other multiple - family units also picked
up, increasing 10.5 percent from 1999. Multiple familyhousing
made up 28.8 percent of the housing units built in 2000. Growth
remained strong as space for single family housing m some regions
became more aca or, and as home prices in some regions outpaced
affordability.
Nortan denial constn¢tion also showed the effects of die robust
economy through 2000, created by renewed demand from new
and expanding companies. Builders of nonresidential facilities also
benefited from the stable interest rates which kept down the cost of
bortowingmoney. Manybuilderswerecre fidentenoughtoomcw
speculative building, whereby buildings are constructed without
spmiflc clients comm rredto the project. Nonresidentialcomtruc-
don value increased 12.0 percent in 2000. The total value of all
construction was $46.5 billion.
Home Prices
Statewide. Callfomia home pri ces began to climb after hitting a
troughin 1996. Pdceshad descendedduringthelengthyacession
ofthe early 1990$. Thec lif eou median home price had been only
slightly higher than the U.S. median in the early 1970s,just prior
toa pricesurge. By 1989, California home priceswere double the
U.S. median. In 2000, Califomia home prices were more than
$100,000 higher than the U.S. median.
Califomlaoffersawideangeofhomeprices, dependingonthe
regionofthestate. Prices have been historically highest in the San
FendacoBaymen ,andthoseomwndmrhetheav gepricefor
theendrestate. ThissituadonwnmacetbatMd diemid- 1990sby
theverystrongiSilicon Valleyeconomy. Homesincoastalrommo-
nidwmegeneallymoreexpensivethm thomfurthminland. Prices
arelowerin Central Valleyci Um,mdlowerstillin Cabfomia sless
populated rural regions.
sane claa
500,000
—-
—
450,000
300°
Lelibrnia Metllan
$243,390
400,900
350,000
300,000
San Francisco
250,000
Orange
200,000
�.
paliturala
Los Angeles
San Oiegc
150'000
RwemEe
saoament
1 00.000
canaal gal
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
An Economic Profile
Real Estate Construction Value
($ billion)
50
■ Nomesl
ao -
❑Resider
30 -
20
10-
D— —
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Residential home construction value reached $27.9 billion in
2000. up 8.2 percent compared to the prior year. Construction
volume of apartments and other multiple - family units also picked
up, increasing 10.5 percent from 1999. Multiple familyhousing
made up 28.8 percent of the housing units built in 2000. Growth
remained strong as space for single family housing m some regions
became more aca or, and as home prices in some regions outpaced
affordability.
Nortan denial constn¢tion also showed the effects of die robust
economy through 2000, created by renewed demand from new
and expanding companies. Builders of nonresidential facilities also
benefited from the stable interest rates which kept down the cost of
bortowingmoney. Manybuilderswerecre fidentenoughtoomcw
speculative building, whereby buildings are constructed without
spmiflc clients comm rredto the project. Nonresidentialcomtruc-
don value increased 12.0 percent in 2000. The total value of all
construction was $46.5 billion.
Home Prices
Statewide. Callfomia home pri ces began to climb after hitting a
troughin 1996. Pdceshad descendedduringthelengthyacession
ofthe early 1990$. Thec lif eou median home price had been only
slightly higher than the U.S. median in the early 1970s,just prior
toa pricesurge. By 1989, California home priceswere double the
U.S. median. In 2000, Califomia home prices were more than
$100,000 higher than the U.S. median.
Califomlaoffersawideangeofhomeprices, dependingonthe
regionofthestate. Prices have been historically highest in the San
FendacoBaymen ,andthoseomwndmrhetheav gepricefor
theendrestate. ThissituadonwnmacetbatMd diemid- 1990sby
theverystrongiSilicon Valleyeconomy. Homesincoastalrommo-
nidwmegeneallymoreexpensivethm thomfurthminland. Prices
arelowerin Central Valleyci Um,mdlowerstillin Cabfomia sless
populated rural regions.
I A
CALIFORNIA
Gross State Product
The Gross State Product (GSP) b the broadest measure of the
economy at the state level. It is the value of all goods and services
Produced by a state, and is similar to the U.S. Gros Domestic
Product (GDP). Estimatatft rtheCalifomiaGSPat somehublefrom
the Untverstty of Califomis, I.as Angeles (UCLA) Anderson Fore-
castandtheCalifamiaDepartmentof irseri The U.S. Bureau
ufEconamlc Analysis (BEA) provldesthe U.S. GDP.
California has the largest state economy In the U.S. with an
esfuneted 2000 GSP of $1.35 trillion. During its protracted
expansion, the California economy outperformed the nation a
whole. Between 1997 and 2000, the California GSP grew at an
average annual rate of 8.9 percent, compared to 6.2 percent for the
nation. Most of this growth wss attributed to high - technology
manufacturingarMseMm,fimm serves, a ndthegmwdtofthe
malestamn arket.
Gross Product Annual Growth
9%
California /
United States
0%
1992 1994 1995 1998 2000
3%
The Calffomb GSPaw mmforappmximately13pucentofthe
U.S. GDP, and i e..& thatofNewYcirliand Texas, the second
andaW,Irw&c des t.,respectively.Inwmpa ntotheothermtes
in the Pack and Mountain region, California produces more goods
and seMces than the other ten states in this region combined.
Califomtabanewnomtcpowerhoure .BaauseofitssU ,thestate
economy can be compared to the economies of major industrial
nations. Thetable to the right uses the 1999 Celifomies GSP to make
acomparbonmthemostmmtdawavdQblefwoth ernatkms. The
California mmytopped Vgliondollarsinvaluetn 1997,and
has remained above that level ever since. If It were a separate nation,
Califomta would rank as the sixth largest economy in the world.
Amwoy,theBBAreleasesGSPdatadeWll gtheconWbudons
made by each sector for wary state. These data are especially useful
In comparing the relative economic importance of various sectors
within and among state economies in terms of the value of goods and
services produced. The GDP 4calculated as the difference between
intermediate inputs (consumption ofgoo&and services purchased),
and the gross output (sles or receipts and other operating income,
commodity issues, and inventory change) .
In1998(the latest dam available atdusleWI ofdetaiQ, the services
sector made the largest contribution to the CalHomu GSP, account -
California Major Industry Sectors
as a Percent of GSP. 1998
percent 0 5 10 15 20 25
services
F.I.R.E.
Manufacturing
Government
Retail Trade
Wholesale Trade
Construction
Transportation
Agriculture
Mining
mgfo r23. 3percento fallgoodsandservlceslntheeconomy. The
finance, insurance and real estate sector, with less than one -fiRh of
the employment of the services sector, was the second largest
corer butorwith22.3pementofdie GSP. Intennsofgrowth,the
wnitmction sector led all others ectotswithoutput increasing 18.7
percent from 1997 to 1998. Other sectors with double -digit
growth were retail, transportation and utilities, and services.
1999 Gross Product World Ranking
(S billions)
1
United States
9,152.1
2
Japan
4,346.9
3
Germany
2,111.9
4
United Kingdom
1,441.8
5
France
1,432.3
CALIFORNIA
1,205.3
6
Italy
1,171.0
7
China
1,148.4
8
Brazil
751.5
9
Canada
634.9
10
Spain
595.9
Estimates
are from 2001 World Bank Development, except
California which is March 2001 UCLA Anderson Forecast.
An Economic Profile
Forces in the Economy
Small Business
Small businesses m Callfomia make Significant contributions to
the economy. Small businesses have been the incubators for high
technology innovations, and a step toward The American Dream.
Hiumically, small business has been the first to grow N a recovery,
but growth usually slows as the exparsion matures, rewarding
economies of scale. However, since 1997 a number of statewide
factors have prolonged the success ofsmall businesses. Continued
Improvement in state and national economies created a positive
atmoaphereforwtrepreneurs;persorW bsromemdcoruunwrsperW-
Ng increased; and the reasonable cost of borrowing money made it
easier to start or expand a company.
Nearly every business starts out as a small business. California IS
home to 2.6 mWlonsmall businesses, more than half ofwhich are
owned by the Self-employed. New businesses grew slightly In 1999.
with an increase of 1.0 percent from the prioryear. The vast majority
(78 percent) ofbushammare the wry smallest businesses with fewer
than 10 employees.
Foreign Direct Investment
Foreignduectinvm mmtpiaysasignifscantmleNtheCaltf =ia
economybycreadogjobs ,attmcthlicapital, and Imp uvirgreladom
withforeignmunWes. Aiargeconsumecmarket, andleadershipin
bigh tecbnoiogy Indus W m make the state m attmcdve investment
forfumignnadom. Foreigndimai vestmmt, ntakethefmmof
the complete or partial purchase of one company by another
company, the establishment ofa new subsidiary, orhe esmbbsh-
mentofajointventure.
In 1998, the latest available, affiliates of foreign companies
employed603,200 Nthestate, nearly 11 percentofthe totalforthe
U.S and 4.4 percent of total nonfarm employment In California.
AfFfl tw mployment Inthestatefarexcmdss mdplace NmYork
which has 386.600.
Venture Capital
CalifomiahnlongbmnrecognU dfori6entrepreneurialspWt
andlnnovation. Thisreputatl onfueledthecontinuedcoMdmce
of venture wpiWists as they Increased Investment in California
Ndumiwto $31.1 billion In 2000. psis comes close to doubling
the $16.8 billion Invested In 1999.
Internet - related Investrnmts led all others, combining software,
electronicsandcompu terhardware,infonnadonme cm,commu-
mcationsandnet working. Renewedintereatinblotechnologyalso
spurted investment in medical software and biopharmaceuticals.
Venture capi W Eta are indivi dueis, pools of indl W duals, or linos
that seek to Invest in the more risky, but promising businesses or
ventures, intheeapectation ofsignifawnimencfal reform. Finam-
Ing IS provided for the start -up or expansion ofa facility.
California Is a particularly desirable state for vm[ure capita
investment with its world renown for electronics, software, medical
In 1999, more than 7.5 million workers, half of all California
employees, were employed N businesses with fewer than 100
workers. Califomw.allbuaN.added230,500nmw ploym,
or 60 percent of a8 the new employment created in 1999.
Technologleal changes have had a strong, positive impact on
smaObcomeaws. The NmasingaffmiJabillryofwmpu tm,printers
andfaxmachinesallowsalmostanyone torunasmallbusinessn m
efficiently. Spedalizedwfmw havailableforpayroll ,accounting
and Nventoryco mil that is useful for a multi- makedstafi.
The phmomeral growth of the Internet has also had a slgnifi=t
impactonsma tbusinesses. Thesmal eroffirmsrmnowwnduct
businessgiobally, 24 hoorsaday. The IntanewhaschaogedbosNass
practices, openedupbusinessopportunities ,andcreatednewo u-
padom.
(More information is in Califanla SmallBorinen, available only
on detAgencywebshe at http: / /tommem.ragov/cmnamy )
Foreign investmentin California is moldy in the manufactor-
ing sector, led by computers and electronic products, chemicals
and nonmetallic mineral products. The real estate and wholesale
trade sectors round out the top three sectors for Investment.
Japan remained the leading Investor nation in 1998. with $34
billion, or 33 percent of all foreign investment m the state. The
Netherlands and the United Kingdom were second and third,
respectively.
Japan also had the greatest number of affiliate employees
with 160,000. Most were manufacturing jobs, particularly in
computers and electronic produces.
(More information is in ForezoLlfrnsfnvetmentio Cahfornfa,
at httpAwr mem.cagov/lo— a- al/pula.ho'g)
technology, world- classuniversides,mdrese labs. Thestate's
reputation for innovation is evidenced by the granting of 9,232 U.S.
pat.min2000, farmorethmN.York"Texas,with 3,455md
3,194, respectively.
The Silicon V alley is the largest recipient of venture capital In the
United States. 1n 2000, the region received $ 25.8 b0lton, compos-
ing 37 percent of the venture capital coming Into the United States,
and 87 percmt of the venture capital coming N to Callfamu-
Silicon Valley Is recognized as a unique phenomenon with m
infrastructure that has not been replicated anywhere else. Some
venture caphaLLCSare formerco- workers, employeasorsehool alumni
ofthose who need wed capital to launch theirownnew comparom.
The result of so many successful firms is that they beget other
sutcessfW furs. Califomlawntummpl talistsareamongthebiggest
investors in their own state.
CALIFORNIA
California Industries
California's economy is based on a broad spectrum oflndustries.
Resource industries that provide raw materials include fishing,
mining, forestry, and agriculture. Manufacturing industrlespro-
dumeverythmgfromsatell lresroappamI. However, these Industries
are becrminga smaller part tithe total economy. Themajorityof
jobs are now in industries serving other businesses and consumers.
Forexample, CalifomianowhasmomjobsinbuslnessseMme the
combined total of the top five manufacturing senors, and morejobs
in retail trade than in the entire manufacturing sector. (Industry
employment data are derived from establishment payroll surveys.)
Services
Services is byfar the largest sectorofthe economy, providing 32
percentofelijobsinthestan. TMssectorcoversactivitiearanging
from business services to dry cleaning, and has grown rapidly In the
hercloczde.
In 2000, bustness services, led by impressive growth Incomputer
and data processing services, was the largest Industry group in
services. Business services provided a total clover l.4 milllonjobs
In advertising, credit reporting, computer programming, data pro-
tossing, and other services used by businesses. jobs in the business
services industry groups grew very rapidly in the 1990s, largely as
result of the explosive growth of the Internet. Many manufacturers
changed their business methods as the Internet provided new means
ofinventory control, supply requisition and increased productivity.
This trend tended to increase sarvioesjobsand decreasemanufactur-
ingj ohs byincreasingmanu factoring efOd ,ies.
California Jobs
Major Sectors
200D Percent Change..
Jobs of from
(ODO) Total 1990
Total
14,518
100.0
16.1
Agriculture
408
2.8
12.2
Mining
23
0.2
-38.2
Construction
734
5.1
30.6
Manufacturing
1,944
13.4
-6.0
Transportation
746
5.1
21.8
Wholesale Trade
831
5.7
8.1
Retail Trade
2,470
17.0
11.1
Finance, Ins., Real Estate
823
5.7
1.8
Services
4,627
31.9
38.4
Government
2,321
16.0
11.9
Health carejobs grew by 2.0 percent annually between 1990
and2000asthed=m dfwbealtharesuvke a..d. Between
1999md2000,annualjobirowthWl dto1.5percent. because
of cost pressures placed on the industry.
Computer Software
Computer software is a large and growing service Industry
composed of establishments operating within the design segments
of computer programming, prepackaged software, computer inm-
gratedsystemsand the lntemet. Califomiablumna o20percent
of the nation's software Industry.
The software industry has revenues exceeding $623 billion,
arc Mr grotheCmpTech High Technologydatabase. Thereare
2,700 software businesses, many of which are centered around
Slliconvalley.
In addition to being one of the fastest growing and highest
paying industries m the state, the software industry incshapingand
strengthening the state's economic base. It contributes to the
development of the newest, leading -edge industries, while provid-
Ing the touts tokeep Califomia s traditional lndusttiescompeti live.
Film and Multimedia Production
Hollywood is the world's leading center for frbn and video
production. The film industry includes a wide variety of bual-
nesaes, ranging from major production studioswith several thou-
send employeest o small firms providing serdem and post- produc-
tumveark.
Growth in the industry has been impressive. The film industry
played a particularly importantrole during the 1990- 1991reces-
sion. Ata timewhen most inductrieswereslowing , die filmindustry
wasgrowing. Between 1990and2000, employment grew at a 4.6
percent annual rate. The demand for content was due to the
expansion of the number of television networks, privatized televi-
sion stations N Europe, and niche wbl a progmm m ing. In 2000,
the Motion Piaure industrydirecdyemployed l90,300people,
with as many as 95.000 additionstjobs in other Industries that
duectly supply and service motion picture production.
The film industry continues to grow and evolve as evidenced
by the emergence of multbn edu and entertainment technologies.
Thesetertvnlogiescombinemodonpic [ores, television, andamuse-
menawithhigbwbnologysucbms pumranimadon.Boththe
Ca Womia film and.pute . industdes have benefttted immeruely
fromthepartnership. eachproddingcha0asgestotheother. The
mostimportantbenefitbeingtheincreasein the numberofhigh-
payingjobs.
An Economic Profile
California Industries
Manufacturing
More than 13 pe rcentufCalifomiajobsareinmanufacturing. And
more than halfofthesejobsare In the production ofdumble goods, such
as Industrial machinery, elecwnic equipment and transportation equip-
ment. Between 1990 and 2000, the share of durable goods manufac-
tuning decreased from 66 percent to 63percent. The share ofnondureble
goodsmmufacturingincreaseticorrespondingly. Thelargestmanufac-
turing Industries we those specializing In high- technology. Industries
snaking computers, electronic components, communications equip-
ment, and high technology Instruments accounted for a quarter of the
state's manufacturingjobs in 2000.
In addition to the Gnporrance of high technology industries, Celtics,
rdahwaWEenumberofjobsinoldenmoreabbliawd 'usdustries. Heavy
Industries. such m chemicals, primary metals, and oil refining are well
represented. The metalworking industries are a significant part of the
economy. Manufacturers of metal stampings, hardware, sheet metal
work, andotherbasicfabrlcated metalproducts provide 132,800jobs.
The industrial machinery group (not including computersand office
equipment) provides 129,200 jobs in the manufacturing of machine
tools, pumps, engines, and other industrial machinery.
Job gains during the past decade were strong in textiles, apparel,
drugs, special industrial machinery and communicationsequipment.
Job losses were evident In aircraft and missiles, Instruments, primary
metals,andpetroleumproducts. Rapid improvementlnproductivity
was responsible forsome employment reductions. Bugfedemldefame,
spending cuts were also a major factor.
The following sectionexpands on California's promb amt, industries,
some of which are combinations of manufacturing with services and
other industries. California continues to be a leader in the rapidly
evolvingtechnologiessuchasbiotechnology,envi onm mltechnol-
ogy,and nfomiationtechnology.
Computers and Electronics
CaOfomiascomputerardelectr umdusuyhmgrownrapidlysince
the 1970s, and with the explosive popularity of the Internet, growth
continued into the new millennium. Advancing technology created
demandforproductssoch as personalcomputers, integrated circuits, and
advanced medical equipment. The industry took moot in California
because much of the basic research In electronics was done at California
universities. As the industry became established, it created a skilled
workforce, attracting more forms to the state.
Callfomia ellx Wafismsareprodur gevennorepowmful comput-
ers, chips, and otherproductswlth feesuproducrlonworkers. Moreover,
many California it= have grown into international businesses and are
locating manufacturing plants throughout the world.
Thisstate has beena significant inven tor, producer, and user ornery
of the components now being linked to create the information technology
that u critical to the handling of growing amounts of elecunic informa
-
tion. Cahforrdaw0lmntlnuetodwelopnewtypaoffsJorma-
tion products and services, such m interaaive media, that are
medmotherindustrias msdwdety- at-large.
Manufacturing Sector
Apparel
California's apparel industry is an important, but often
overlooked contributor to the state's economy. The largest
apparel manufacturing region in California is found in Los
Angeles, near itemsm huge, ready market. Another memoirs -
turingclust er is In the Ban Framosco Bay area.
Growth in the industry has been driven by the popularity
of California- designed fashion sportswear, particularly the
moderately priced, young women clothing. The varied
clvnateandgmgmpMcdtwnityoftheuatehavebeen inspire-
do forawidermsgeofciothingmanufacnnen . Fashbntrends
for swim wearand a wide variety of athletic clothing start in
California-
California apparel manufacturing employed 144,400 in
2000. Momthm64pumntofemploymenrwaslnthemaking
ofwomensardmissesouterweer. Jobsbncreassedby8.7peroent
in the 1990 -2000 period.
2000
Jobs
percent
of
Total
Change
from
1990
Manufadunhg
119M,20D
100.0
-63
Durable Gaols
1,217,700
626
40.3
tartar &Wool ProDuns
61,600
33
a.9
Fumlure is FkMres
Bg8o0
3.1
10.7
Sine. clay, 6 Gleas
49,900
2.6
-0.8
Pd., Metals
35.600
1.8
-11.3
Fabrionad Metal Products
132,800
6.6
1.3
aviusnal Md N.,
2242W
11.5
51
Elsol lc Equipmerd
272000
14.0
72
Transportation E9ulpnent
153,700
7.9
463
InaWmenb& Relatail Prole.
176.600
9.2
-19.2
Miscellaneous Manutedunng
48.700
2.5
Me
Nondumble Grads
726,500
37.4
2.2
Food& KlMml Products
182,600
9.4
12
Texte, Mill PmluGs
27.200
1.4
6619
Apparel & Other Textile Pmle
1",400
7A
8.7
Paper &AAsl Prolucls
38,500
2.0
4.9
PdMing is NWeNrq
153,500
7.9
5.1
chemi®la& Alped Prallab
82,300
4.2
16.7
Parcteum &Coal Prolucle
18,900
0.9
-36.D
Rubber& Mist, Pasties Prod.
74,100
3.0
3.1
Lealber & Leather Products
6]00
0.3
13.6
Apparel
California's apparel industry is an important, but often
overlooked contributor to the state's economy. The largest
apparel manufacturing region in California is found in Los
Angeles, near itemsm huge, ready market. Another memoirs -
turingclust er is In the Ban Framosco Bay area.
Growth in the industry has been driven by the popularity
of California- designed fashion sportswear, particularly the
moderately priced, young women clothing. The varied
clvnateandgmgmpMcdtwnityoftheuatehavebeen inspire-
do forawidermsgeofciothingmanufacnnen . Fashbntrends
for swim wearand a wide variety of athletic clothing start in
California-
California apparel manufacturing employed 144,400 in
2000. Momthm64pumntofemploymenrwaslnthemaking
ofwomensardmissesouterweer. Jobsbncreassedby8.7peroent
in the 1990 -2000 period.
C ALIFORNIA
California Industries
Food Processing
California isthelargettfood promasingemployerin the U.S. with
182,800jobs. Thmejobsinvolveprocessing fmitsandvegembles,
and producing beverages, baked goods, dairy products, sugar and
confections, grain Rug products, staffers and oils. The industry raters
to the 34 million consumers In the Colden State, and sends its many
products to all pans of the U.S. and the world. The food processing
Industry supports additional Callfomiajobs insecmrs that depend on
food, including grocery amres, eating and drinking places, hotels,
trucking and warehousing, grocery wholesaling, and institutions
suchwhospitals.
Wine is California's highest value -added agricultural product.
Among the more than 3,400 California establishments are 850
world - renowned wineries that produced more than 90 percent of
meal U.S.wlneproduction. Califomi mionerieseaponedanestlma wl
$548 million worth of product in 1999.
New markets are opening for prepared foods, foods for the health -
conadousbuyer, and whole foods (particularly Meadow, Asian, and
Mediterranean). A California cuisine has evolved that Incorporates
allofthewelemen¢.
Other Activities
California has evolved new Industry combinations that have
become Industries In their own right. Since these activities do not
fit the standard industrial classifications, they are estimated from
pieces of the existing industry categories.
Aerarpere. The aerospace industry has been a major pan of
Califomia's economic base since World War II. The industry
Includes manufacturersofaircraft,missiles,andelectronicinstra-
ments for aerospace use, such as radar equipment, missile guidance
systems, andrmigationequipment. In2000, Callfomlaaerospace
employment averaged 145.400, half ofwhichwss in aircreRand
Parts
The industrykrstjobsstaadfly during me 1990swaresultofcuu
in federal defensespending. Inresporae ,aerospacefhmsawirrhed
fie emphaustodvglanmarkers ,particularlytelecommu mfions.
Asaccess to spacebecomesmore affordable, smallcompaniesand
universities are developing new space -based applications. The
market for commercial satell its services has generated demand for
payloaciprocesssingandlaunchsarviom Califormahastwolaunch
fadlltim - Spaceport Systems Intemadoral and Boeing's mobfle Sea
Launch.
Bloterheaalogy. Definedas' mchniquesthatuselivingorganisms
orthetrmmpomm tomakeprodum, "thisacdV tymmbi mpars
ofthemediralanddmgindws m ,theagriculturalsector,scientific
laboratories, and engineering to create new compounds such as
enzymes for medi W, blologiral and industrial use.
10
More than one -third of all U.S. biotechnology firms and 43
percent of the U.S. blotechnologyjobs are based In Califomia,
according to a 2000 report by Emst & Young LLP. Centers of
development emerged In the San Frentlsco Bay Area, San Diego
Counry and Los Angeles /Orange Counties. In 1999, product sales
in San Fra arlsco increased 23 percent, and 15 percent in the Los
Angeles/Orange County region. However, San Diego sales de-
clined 25 percent in the same period. Total revenue for biotech-
nology in the state was $9.9 bWion.
University research produced much oftoday sbiotechnology.
The lntellectualandfinancialcapltalavailableinCalifomiasup-
ponsandencouragescontinuedgrow th. Manylaboramrydiscov-
eries are tamed Into commercial production with the help of
,wuma cepital. In the first nine months of 2000, biotechnology
companies received 68 percent more venture capital Investment
than IRA of 1999.
Ynwsalaad Tasui Traveland tourismismignificentscurce
ofincomeandjobsmthestate. Califomiahostedmorethan293
ml0fondomesticmdintemadorul elenN2000,makingitthe
most visited state In the ration. Business and leisure travel have
increased at a 4.8 percent annual avenge rate since 1996.
By far, the greatest number ofmurists are Califomians them-
selves. But travelers from outude the were total 10 million ayear.
Tourists and business travelers spent $75.4 billion in 2000,
supporting an estimated 1,109,000 jobs. More dun half the
spending was on eating and drinking, retell sales and amommoda-
tions. These three activities supported 718,000jobs. Spending
bytravelersonrecmatlonsupponMd addidona1272,000jobsin
a wide variety of businesses, ranging from theme parks in the state's
major tourist areas, m f fishing outfitters and marinas rn the state's
mawleamome.
(Additional statistics and travel destination information are
aaa11able at htry. / /gorabf ca.gov oleaarch. )
2000 California Travel Spending
by Type of Business
T.1
t%
Air Transwilwan Acc9mmoQallon
1[% 9%
Retail Sales
19% Eetln9. D r.,
2t%
r
Recreation 7M. ". Fmtl Stec
6% Ground
Tanaponaaon
12%
An Economic Profile
California Exports
The production of goods for export makes an important contri-
bution to California's economy. In 2000, Califomla businesses
exported $130 billion In products, leading the nation in exports.
California exports grew 21 percent from 1999. Nearly 17 percent
of the nation s exports originated in this state.
California's major export markets are Mexico, Japan, Canada,
South Kcreaand Taiwan. These frve marketsaccounted for more
than half of all Callfomla exports in 2000. In recent years, Mexico
California's Top Ten Markets
California Exports, 2000 Percent Change
is million) of Total from 1999
Mexico 19.030 14.7 27.6
Japan 17.270 13.3 25.6
Canada 15,062 11.6 13.8
South Korea 9,077 7.0 36.0
Taiwan 8,018 6.2 23.9
United Kingdom- 6,329 4.9 15.9
Germany 5,553 4.3 20.8
Singapore 5,264 4.1 8.0
Netherlands 5,132 4.0 21.8
Hong Kong ® 4,484 15 13.5
Leading Export Commodities, 2000
Value Percent Percent
($million) of Total of U.S.
Total California Exports
129,721
100.0
16.6
Electrical, electronics products
37,833
29.2
26,4
Industrial machinery, computers
37,625
29.0
26.5.
Instruments
11,923
9.2
23.8.
Transportation equipment
8,575
6.6
7.0
Chemicals, pharmaceuticals
5,007
3.9
6.3
Food products
4,473
3A
15.9
Crop products
3,933
3.0
16.1
Misc. manufacturing industries
2,339
1.8
17.1
Fabricated metal products
2,293
1.8
8.8
Rubber and plastics
1,905
1.5
93
Other Products
15,720
12.1
10.4
hazbecomeone ofthe faztaz[growingmarkets (orCalifomuexports.
Exports to Mexico increased 28 percent, or $14.1 billion from
1999. This waz a new record for California exports to a single
country.
Caltfom%exports are concentrated in elecnonlc pmduas, trer s
portadonequipment, andagrlculturalproducts. TheelecMral and
elcomersirscommodity group accountedfor29percent ofCalifor-
macallorts.Thisgroupincludmelmct ccomponents,telecom-
muNwtions equipment, and a wide vadery of electrial equipment
andsupplies. Mother29percentofexportswerepmdums the
industrial machinery group, which indudm computers and wm-
puterpedpherels.
Overseas markets are becoming increasingly important to
Califorrda saerospaceindustry. Onscomponcoursfasmapaceisthe
group containing instruments and related products, the next -
largestmiagooryofexports. Thisgroupincludessearchandnaviga-
tlun equipment and other devices for aerospace use. Other exports
in the Instruments group include medical and laboratory equip-
ment. Theaermpaceindust ryaisoproducesasignlfirantamount
of exports in tro mportation equipment, which includes atraaft.
Exports of CaliforNa agricultural products are also becoming
increazinglylmpostant. nempagrlcul turalexportprodurnwere
abnonds, wine, cotton, table gi milk and cream, processed
tomatoes. rice, mialns, walnuts and lettuce.
The export of unprocessed crop products amounted to $3.9
billionin2000. Canadarec eived$972mWionwotth,whfle Japan
took in $691 million. Exports of processed food products totaled
$4.5billion. Thismtegoryincludmallproceswdfoodandbeverage
products, ranging ftom dried fruit and milled rice, to soft drink
sympsandbandy. Japanwazthelargmtredpimto fprocessedfood
products, with morethan$1.1 bi iondollarsworth. Canada and
Mexico followed with $677 mffiicn, and $648 million, respee
dusty.
California Exports
$ billions
129.7
103.3 109.5 use, 107.4
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
11
California Port Traffic
California s location on the Pill&,, Coast has made the state a major center for
handling foreign trade. In 2000, shipments by land, sea. and air through California
ports of entry totaled $392 billion. Of the $148.6 billion In exports, 90 percent
consisted ofgoods produced in the state. California ports also handled nearly 20
percent of all U.S. foreign trade shipments in 2000.
Traffic has grown rapidly in recent years. The total value ofimpom and exports
handled by California ports more than doubled between 1990and2000. In2000,
California had three of the top five busiest container ports in America. Long Beach
and Los Angeles led all ocher ports with total $230.0 billion. New York City and
Detroit were the second and third ranked ports, respectively, in the U.S.
The top three export destinations byvalue ofshipments were Japan, the Republic
of Korea, and Mexico. Combined, these countries account for 38.8 percent of
shipments through California. The top three countries for imports were Japan,
China and South Korea, accounting for half the total value through the state.
Shipments to and from the Far East make up the majority of all foreign trade
shipments through California. Japan is the largest trading partner, receiving 20
percent of U.S. exports through Cahbomia ports, and generating 23 percent of U.S.
imports. China and Korea are the next largest Asian trading partners .
Shipments Through California
Ports of Entry
300
240
� 180
120
i
0 ,
1990
I I I
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
Change in Values ($ billion)
Total Trade
Year
Imports
Exports
Value
2000
243.5
148.6
392.1
1999
209.0
122.1
331.0
1998
189.9
116.3
306.2
1997
184.7
131.1
315.8
1996
170.0
124.1
294.1
1995
165.2
116.8
282.0
1994
144.0
95.6
239.6
1993
125.4
82.2
207.5
1992
111.6
81.1
192.7
1991
100.7
73.9
145.3
1990
97.1
68.6
165.7
An Economic Profile
State of California
Gray Davis, Govemor
Technology, Trade
and Commerce Agency
Lon Hatamiya, Secretary
Division of Economic Research
and Strategic Initiatives
Edward Kawahara, PhD, Deputy
Secretary
Prepared by
Barbara Ellison, Research Specialist
California: An Economic Profile
is available on the Internet
http:l /commerce ca.govleconomy
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A �
MEMORANDUM
To: Mayor and Members of the City Council
Chairman and Members of the Planning Commission
Attention: John B. Bahorski, City Manager
From: Lee Whittenberg, Director of Development Services %�
Subject: "Orange County Community Indicators -- 2001', prepared by
the Orange County Community Indicators Project
Date: May 10, 2001
Provided as an attachment is the subject document for your information. It provides an excellent
overview of the various community indicators for the County of Orange. The document is also
available for downloading from the Internet at www.oc.m.gov.
Attachment: "Orange County Community Indicators - 2001 ", prepared by the Orange County
Community Indicators Project
:ems•
C:WY n V County Cununuvty Indicators ManoAoc W5 -10 -01
Now more than ever before we have access to a seemingly endless flood of
information. The purpose of the 2001 Orange County Community Indicators Report
is to gather relevant information and present it in a useful and thought - provoking
format. The report is intended to raise awareness and spark discussion among
governmental, business, and community organizations.
Orange County begins the 21st century in good shape. How can we continue to build
upon this success? What are the factors underlying and influencing Orange County's
high quality of life? What efforts need to be recognized and supported? What are
the "red flags" that need to be addressed to avoid stagnation, or even a decline, in
the health of our community?
The second annual Community Indicators Report again measures the overall
wellbeing of the Orange County community. It uses a range of indicators to track
broad, countywide economic, social and environmental trends,
The indicators are grouped into seven sections: Economic and Business Climate;
Technology and Innovation; Education; Health and Human Services; Public Safety;
Environment; and Civic Engagement. Within these categories, there are several new
indicators, including:
• Tourism • Physical Fitness of Children
• Transit • Mental Health /Illicit Drug Use
• World Trade • Hate Crimes
• Career Preparation • Civic Participation
In addition, the 2001 Community Indicators Report introduces a new Special Features
section, which highlights notable issues. The featured issues will change each year.
This year, the highlighted topics are: Orange County's image, the wellbeing of senior
citizens, and the rate of resident participation in the 2000 Census.
The 2001 report would not be possible without the support of many Orange County
organizations and their data - gathering efforts. In addition, many thanks go to all
who provided feedback on last year's report so we could continue to improve the
document. We welcome your continued input and support.
Michael M. Ruane
Project Director
,. «., 0
Introduction 2
County Profile 3
special zeetures a
9
10
Emnom@ and euanm Climate 14
9s
16
n
18
19
20
21
n
23
24
i hnology and inn ton 26
2)
28
Educaffon 30
31
32
33
34
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Orange County Image Surrey
Census Participation
Senior Wellbeing -
Buvlwss Climate
Tourism Related Spending and lobs
Word Trade
Consumer Confidence Index, Per Capita Income
Housing Demand
Housing Affordability
Rental Affordability
Average Commune Times
Annual Transit Boardings
Distribution of lobs by Industry Cluster
High -Tech Cluster Diversity
E Commerce
Patent Grants and Venture Capital
Computers in School, Technology Related Degrees
Educational Attainment �A
College Readiness
Career Preparation
Academic Performance
English Learners
Health ant Human Sery ce1
36
Health Status
37
Child Care Quality and Affordability
3E
Prenatal Care
as
Leading Causes of Death for Children Under Five
40
Vaccine- Preventable Disease and Immunization Rates
41
Physical Fitness of Children
42
Family Wellbeirg
43
Health Insurance Coverage
ab
Illicit Drug Use, Mental Health
FuWit safety
as
Child Abuse and Neglect
43
Felony Arrests
411
Crime Rate
49
Gang-Related Crime
SB
Hate Crimes
v- EnWmment
52
Coastal Water Quality
53
Regional Recrear onal Resources, Natural Habitat Resources
56
Solid Waste
57
Air Quality
59
Water Use and Supply
Geic Engagement
0
Civic Participation
61
Charitable Organizations
62
VOter Partiapa110n
63
Community Wellbeing -
A(klln W led9EmMtS and SO. 64
Eil New Indicator
Introduction
Wbat L a Gaud Indicatar?
Good indicators are objective measurements that reflect how a community is doing. They reveal whether key community
attributes are going up or down; forward or backavard; getting better, worse, or staying the same. Effective indicators meet the
following Criteria:
• Reflect the fundamental factors which determine long -term regional health
• Can be easily understood and accepted by the community
• Are statistically measurable on a frequent basis
• Measure outcomes, rather than inputs.
Wby Are Community Indicatorr Important?
The value of community indicators is to provide balanced measurements of the factors which Contribute to susmining
community vitality and a healthy economy, including economic, social, quality of bfq and environmental measurements.
They also provide a picture of the County's overall social and economic hnith over time. The narrative for each community
indicator dehnes why the indicator is important to the community and measures community progress.
Selection Criteria
The indicators selected for inclusion in the Orange County Community Indicators Report represent broad interests and trends
in Orange County and are Comparable to indicator efforts in similar communities throughout the nation. The indicators that
were selected also melt the fallowing specific criteria:
• Numare Countywide interests and impacts as defined by impacting a significant percentage of the population;
• Include the Categories of economic development technology, education, health and human services, public safety,
environment, and civic engagement; and
• Reflect data that is both reliable and available over the long -term.
2 INTRODUCTION
County Profile
Orange County is located in the heaix of Southern California,
with Los Angeles Comity to the north and San Diego
County to the south. There are currently 33 cities within
the County, which extends north to the cities of La Habra
and Brea, Cast in the dry of Rancho Santa Margarita,
wen to the cities of Los Mamims and Seel Beach, and I
south to the city of San Clemente.
Several cities in Orange County have been
incorporated within the Ian decade. The most
recent cities to incorporate were the cilia of
Lagum Woods (1999) and Rancho Santa Margarita
(2000). Residents of the Ahso Viejo community will vote
on cityhood for thew Community in March 2001. While the
unincorporated land area and related populations remain sigvifi-
canq they are declining in sire and number due to recent annexation
and incorporation activities.
POPULATION
N \ )
Gromtb
Orange County remains the third largest rouety in California, trailing only Los Angeles and San
Diego. In fact, Orange County has a greater number of residents than fifteen of the countryla sates,
including Nevada, Utah and New Metico. Orange County is the sixth largest County in the notion.
Over the past 30 years, Orange County's population has been increasing at a steady, but relatively slow tare Compared with its
growth in the previous 30 years. In 1950, Orange County's population numbered 216,224. By 1970, that number had invrased
to over 1.4 million people, growing an average of 22% per year during the 50'x. and 10% per year in the 60'x. During the 70'x,
the County's population growth slowed to an annual avenge of 3.5 %, and during the SOP it slowed even further to 2.5 %1
As of January 1, 2000, Orange County's total population was estimated to be 2,828,400, which equate to an avenge annual
increase in the last decade of about 2% per yar.3 While the current percentage of annual growth appears small, it amounts to
the addition of over 40,000 new residents a year. This steady population growth is expected to continue, with population
projections of ova three million by 2005 and over 3.3 million by 2020.
Components of Population Growth .2000-2025
ISO,000
URO M —.' '
'2Oaaa —
anion
20000 4--
200605 300510 201015 201520 202025
■Migrdtion Natural lncrean,
MigmNon Lis aus Natuml Increase,
In the 1950s and 60%, there was enormous migration into
Orange County from surrounding Counties and other locations.
The majority of our population growth came not from natural
increases, but from people moving to Orange County from
elsewhere. That Trend is long over. Today, the vast majority of
Orange County's population growth is generated internally
through names] increase (births minus deaths). This vend is
projected To continuc, with natural ince,I a eclipsing migration
as the reason for our population growth (see chart at left).
COUNTY PROFILE 3
Demily
Orange County is one of the most densely populated areas in the United States. At the end of 1999, Orange County's
population density was estimated at 3,543 persons per square mile. It is denser than Los Angela County, more than 2.5 times
denser than Contra Costa and Santa Chun Counties and five times denser than San Diego County, which has roughly the same
population.4 Llrithin the county, densities vary by loation, from a low of 874 persons per square mile in mtinwrporated areas
to 2,942 in San Clemente to 6,252 in Anaheim, to 13,462 in Santa Ana.
Etbraicity and Age -
Orange County is bumming more ethnically diverse. In 1998, Whites Comprised 57% of the total population, Hispania were
28 %, Asians & Pacific Islanders Comprised 12 %, Afrian- Americans constituted two percent, and all other races totaled less
than one percents The following chart shows this trend toward greater ethnic diversity.
Change County Population, by Ethnicity, 1990 - 1998
8
3
r
sax.... ______ —_.._ _.......: 3. ._.:_._....
ear
— .__._..._._. —____ —_
1990 1992 1990 1996 1998
i White, Non - Hispanic a Hispanic Asiaomadfic Harder 40 African -Arne ian
Orange County's total population distribution approximate a bell Curve across the traditional age brackets, with the greatest
numbers of the population in the 35 m 54 year age -range. However growth among the various age groups differs by
ethnicity. As evidenced by the following charts, Orange County's White population is aging while all other rates and ethmcidea
show a significant growth in the child and young adult populations.
Orange County population 1995 - By Age and Race Change County Population 1010 - By Age and Race
4 COUNTY 180FI1E
l'. Whiff, Non- Hispanic M All Others
7074
Tn74
■ i I
fio.6a
' �
coca
�
roses
z �
sou
4.N
30.3t
2034
',
20.24
10.14:
�',, ',
10-14
White. Non- Hispanic ■ All Others
4 COUNTY 180FI1E
l'. Whiff, Non- Hispanic M All Others
Orange County Population 2020 - By Age and Race EMPLOYMENT
Sme: Cmrn,4 nsA9d'. f. �,COfJati SVU (km*!Yi FVYna
Orange County enjoys a diverse economy, with no single sector
accounting for more than one -third of the county's economic
output or labor market. The employed labor force as of June,
2000 was approvmacely 1.46 million, with the largest labor
markets comprised of manufacturing (16 %), made (23 %), and
services (26 %). Fully ten percent of Orange Countyl labor
market is self - employed. The trend over the part ten years has
been a rapid increase of the service sector, while manufacturing
employment has dedined.s Overall, employment is expected to
grow over the next ten years to 1,796,726 --an increase of
approxinutely 23 %.
Small businesses flourish in Orange County's entrepreneurial
climate, with only 20% of residents working in companies
employing more than 500 people, compared with the state
average of 25 %. Small businesses have accounted for the bulk of
job creation in the past few years.7
Unrmployment
The Orange County economy, has produced some of die lowest unemployment races in the nation in recent years. In July 2000,
Orange County's unemployment rate was 2.7% —lower than the California rare of 5.5% and national ate of 4.2 %. Orange
County's ate has steadily declined since 1995, when it was 5.1 %. Orange County also has a lower unemployment rate than our
neighboring coundes and a ate similar to several counties considered our peers —Boamn, Austin, Santa Clan County, and
San Fandsco?
Orange County Population, Employment and Housing 1990 -2020
3.soo.oso —
>a Populnion
3.D.tl.000 -- ------ __.
Housing
c
0 2.iOQAOD -
x sowrr. r:.i,,.k�nm,,p�eAa
Ru,m.AWLI,nu.Gn¢
� 2.000.000 .__ "...... ...._...._. ........._ ...._ _ __ -- _ uv...nn
1,500,000 --
as 1500000 k—.�
0
1990 1935 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
COUNTY PROFILE 5
Fa
soR
sass!
Sox
zo-za
H. White, Non -Hispanic
■ All Other
Sme: Cmrn,4 nsA9d'. f. �,COfJati SVU (km*!Yi FVYna
Orange County enjoys a diverse economy, with no single sector
accounting for more than one -third of the county's economic
output or labor market. The employed labor force as of June,
2000 was approvmacely 1.46 million, with the largest labor
markets comprised of manufacturing (16 %), made (23 %), and
services (26 %). Fully ten percent of Orange Countyl labor
market is self - employed. The trend over the part ten years has
been a rapid increase of the service sector, while manufacturing
employment has dedined.s Overall, employment is expected to
grow over the next ten years to 1,796,726 --an increase of
approxinutely 23 %.
Small businesses flourish in Orange County's entrepreneurial
climate, with only 20% of residents working in companies
employing more than 500 people, compared with the state
average of 25 %. Small businesses have accounted for the bulk of
job creation in the past few years.7
Unrmployment
The Orange County economy, has produced some of die lowest unemployment races in the nation in recent years. In July 2000,
Orange County's unemployment rate was 2.7% —lower than the California rare of 5.5% and national ate of 4.2 %. Orange
County's ate has steadily declined since 1995, when it was 5.1 %. Orange County also has a lower unemployment rate than our
neighboring coundes and a ate similar to several counties considered our peers —Boamn, Austin, Santa Clan County, and
San Fandsco?
Orange County Population, Employment and Housing 1990 -2020
3.soo.oso —
>a Populnion
3.D.tl.000 -- ------ __.
Housing
c
0 2.iOQAOD -
x sowrr. r:.i,,.k�nm,,p�eAa
Ru,m.AWLI,nu.Gn¢
� 2.000.000 .__ "...... ...._...._. ........._ ...._ _ __ -- _ uv...nn
1,500,000 --
as 1500000 k—.�
0
1990 1935 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
COUNTY PROFILE 5
GROSS COUNTY PRODUCT
If Orange County were a country, in gross product would rank approximately 42nd in the world - ahead of such nations
as Finland, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Norway, and Singapore. From 1977 through 1997, the fraction of Orange County
gross product from manufacturing grew - a sign that the county's manufacturing economy has become stronger over the
past two decades, while other places within the United Sums have experienced declines in the relative importance of
manufacturing. However, Orange County% gross product grew more slowly than both California's and the U.S. from 1997
to the present
LAND USE
Orange County covers 798 square miles of land, including 42 miles of coastline. Substantial portions of the county are
devoted to residential housing of various types (28 %). There are 966,000 housing units available to county residents, the
majority of which are single -family detached units. As described further in the following report, the cost of single - family
homes and multiple family dwellings is increasing, along with rental costs. The median prim of a home in Orange County
as ofjuly 2000 was $306,028 and Fair Market Rum, range from $792 for a one- badomad unit m 5980 for a ewo-bedroom,
$I 346 for a three- bedroom and $1,518 for a four - bedroom uninv Housing projections for the county anticipate almost
91,000 housing units on be added over the next ten years.
Commercial, industrial, and public institutional uses account for less than 12% of the county's land arm. More than a
third of the county is classified as uncommitted, meaning it is either vacant or devoted to agriculmml or mineral extraction
activities.
Twenty percent of the land is dedicated to open space and recreation. The County of 0moge maintains nine beaches, three
harbora and 35,000 -plus acres of regional parks (over 42 square miles) for the enjoyment of county residents and the
protection of natural resources. Orange County's many cities and other state or federal agencies also maintain local park
and open space facilities, adding upwards of 65,000 acres to the county total.
Orange County Land Uses
.bnx: & un,n C,*— 1- -arGwrm LMCaneP SVM
6 C 0 U N T T PR Or I L6
I National A.dion of G rio (xww.nam.o,g /m�noa/quvie:)
2- ruc for Damoy pNr RannA, Calif is S. Uni.emlay,
■ Housing
9
Fullaton l�vu'.fullertm.edWMr)
Open Spare and Recreation
4CIuurnu Depamnent ofFiname(— d,,fm.Ev)
■ commercial, Industrial.
aU.S.Q— Bu mu(vw.ansm.psw /pipn6ua ✓ tt clan)
and Public Institutional
' Clifom6 Depaamnna aNnarw.
6 Con or Ln Doaognphm R—aH1, Clif is Soar Univosiw,
�OIM1er Uses
Fullemm
Eno commused
aOrangeCunw Bnainea: Cuundl and E,nployn,u,e Dwdolwmr
Daparamana
Bmpinyment Dr Iopmma Dcpramma and U.S. Bureau dlabor
Sou u
v The median Lone pries is rePond by dm Clifomu Asan.too
.Uo.lm,n, 1.1, RXXI. Fair Make, Ben. we whlidud by Housing
a,d Ualuan Dev.l„ pmena. n, art h no xM p—tilk revs
in the mruko .,ro, d,u. do na apnolly n,fi -- rka rate"
.bnx: & un,n C,*— 1- -arGwrm LMCaneP SVM
6 C 0 U N T T PR Or I L6
Special Features
County's Image Has Both Strengths and Weaknesses
Description of Indicator
Every place has an image. Such images are formed by facts, personal experience, or reputation. This indicator mcaeures the image of
Orange County as a business location according to Chief Excoddre Officers (CEO's) in other similar Incautious, such as San Francis.,
Silicon Valley, Boston, Seattle, Austin, Dallas, Atlanta, Anneapolis, Portland, and Chicago. CEO's were chosen in Orange County's
targeted key industry growth clusters which are experiencing high growth in terms of employment and average Salary .
"'by is it Importance
All regions compere against caCb other for economic development. Orange County's image as a place to do business is a paramount
driver w its crnsica ed suaess. The Business Image Study assessed and benchmarked Orange County} key competitive advantages and
disadvantages in primary industry growth clusters. How derision- makers view Orange County as a place to do business is
important To guiding overall economic development policy, since a business image mart be consciously managed, developed, and
Unproved like any other asset.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County is well lmown by CEO's across the United States. This means that Orange County is on their radar screen as a
potential business location. Fully 87% of CEO's interviewed have visited Orange County for personal reasons and 70% have visited
Orange County for professional reasons. Orange County left both positive and negative impressions on this group of outside
business leaders.
1. Recreation, climate, beaches, entertainment and culture Recreational Resources, M. 53
2. High concentrations of hi,h tack funs High -Tech Cluster Diversity, pg. 24
3. Good infrastructure to support basineu Bunnen Climate, pg. 14
4. Good proximity to malor markets County Profile, Figs. 34. World Trade, pg. 16
S. orange County racial diversity County Profile, Fi, 36
1. Tradrac consobon
2. Means, Afkadiblity
3. Workforce Availability
4. K -12 Education
5. Environmental Pollution
.Snm� (Hoye Gnvn avn� Gni( (dvoryaf(Meuv,, Gcav4 vNAme
8 SPECIAL FEATURES
Average Garonne Times, pg. 21
Noco gmental Affordability, Housing Demand, Figs. 18-20
Counts Profile, M. 35: Career Preparation, pg. 32
Education Ialimtoa, Figs. 30-M
Coastal Waler Quality, pg. 52: Air Quality, pg. 57
County Exceeds Target Response Rate
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the response rate of the 2000 Census in
Orange County cities, overall, and Compared to peer counties.
Why is it Impomand
A high response Core on the Census ensures the reliability of critical
demographic and housing data cIannom ties need to make informed
decisions and plan appropriately. A high response rate is also a sign
of civic interest and engagement, pointing to a public awareness
of the importance of the Census for federal and state funding and
political representation.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County exceeded its target response rate by 2 %, compared
to most peer counties that just met or did not meet the targets set by
the Census Bureau. Cities in Orange County responded well, with
24 out of 32 cities reaching their targets.' The cities exceeding thew
targets by the greatest percentages were Laguna Woods ( +l0 %),
Santa Ana ( +9 %), and Lake Fore. ( +8 %).
'Asa...w ow in 20M, Ranch. San. M.,,vv. —.,,a ved fry she Ce.ua Ba—.
a a C.. Oev'PaI Place 'Farad .fa raw f Cant'. 2000.
Census 2000 Participation in Orange County Cities
s00%
95%
60%
75%
70%
65%
60%
55%
se%
Census 2000 Participation; Orange County Compared M
the Nation, State and Peer Counties
72%
76%
74%
72%
70%
0%
66%
As%
62%
"'
(yr� (9
pC+ Tun ,�o° •P, U
Manual S. Target
r In this Chan. Austin IS Trask Coumy, Tex.; Seattle is King
County WashiNte n: anti Research Trlargle h the average of the
xoumien of Dumen Orange a W Wake North Carolina.
.Gwrr: U.F.linrve 6erw. linen l /xxl1:iMRegmu Fora .Savrnbinn
(Nr� / /rmrmrgW.gnliu /RrgnnreFnml
0 0•• <" .+C• R xe o 'e av ` k. o+ s• °`o t°'• at`m �` °` o'+F sty a .9� ty
° `,F`�a°'.»\d`°G°PO".d` eyd ¢'e e• 'k ? d „A`4F° e' ,,c,�•.F e° ti J
o"``aee °: a 9�Aas .1 .. .r0a�s'�,,, , w•s ,�1` ° 9�°` og`•°,s',P+` `+`' 'e' ii••
W tat' ? `'• 3
s'
MACtual TRW
SPECIAL FEATURES 9
Boomers Reaching Retirement Will Increase Demand for Services
Description of Indicator
Orange County Population by Age Group
This indicator measurea the staves of the three most
frequently cited issues of concern for seniors (those over
600 — - - --
65 years of age) and senior service providers, according to
2000
a series of surveys by the Orange County Area Agency on
zat0
500
Aging. The top three issues are crime, transportation, and
...:.,,.
m -home rare.
Why is it Impnrmnt2
F
Seniors arc a vital and growing segment of the county's
a " " " " " " "' " " "" • - -- - - -- --_.. —._
population. Currently, seniors make up 14% of the
~
coontyk population but by 2020 they will make up 23%
...::.._ "-
due to the Baby Boom generation reaching retirement
age. Additiomlly, people are living longer resulting in
too
more seniors over age 85. While the Baby Boom
'
generation is eepectedto have better health in their sixties
and seventies due to better prenatal care, more healthful
0
09 tats 20-29 was a0-s9 w59 60.69 70-79 W
work environments, and healthier lifestylea, almost half of
.... 3a0a at 365 3n so9 rat Sae 166 129 76
those currently over 85 in Califomla have either mobility
010 436 467 362 373 503 426 2" 149 103
or self -.I Imitations. It Is important m ensure that the
'-" `° 2020 411 433 457 350 36, 463 366 2N 133
quality and quantity of services seniors depend on will
grow to meet the increasing demand.
5— t0.,/, p ,m,fF —,, new,.. Ex—e dm, Cs,rm.,yW- spin,
How is Orange County Doing?
Transportation
Fully 90% of seniors use a car to travel to destinations,
primary Mode of Transportation for All Orange County Seniors - 1999
with 64% driving themselves and 26% as a passenger in a
car. To remain independent, seniors retain drivers'
■Auto as Omer
Bcemes as long as possible and generally do not report
µ ■ Auto as Passenger
transportation difbrulties .61 they give up or lose their
t ■fixed Route bus
license. In 1999, 87% of seniors aged 65 -69 had drivers
!H Walkl6ike
■ Omer. Paunran ft, Private Service, Taxi
licenses compared to 31% age 85 and older. Orange
County's auto-dependent land use pattern has lessened the
effectiveness of most traditional mass ormait alternatives.
r .mm.,:. ea..:n. Sxox
The percent of semors who me fixed route has service
Rq ,, j-, 2 iW2� -ri.e
(4 %) or walk (2 %) as their primary mode of transpom-
[ion is not unlike the general population, 3% and 2%
respectively. An additional 4% use parsransit, private
transportation services or taxis.
10 5 P E CIAt FEATURES
Violent Crimes Committed Against Senior Citizens
Percent Change, 1988 -1998
lox
10%
01
.10%-
-lox
-30u- _- .................._ - - -_
Am
6!M19
Ormye County ■ C elf.mia
■ San Diego County ■ Same Clara County
0 Rlvenlde County ■ ran baronial County
■ tm Angeles County
.1v✓i,r: tilt .0 (/I. f,ArAm QG ' Rern,m VmLn, Crave
Cm,,II-q .'x Gn, Llvr r,. Cell w, lVVF
mnRlrung �.n� ..rl w,h«�
Projected Orange County Senior Clear Increase for
In -Home Supportive Services - 1995 -2020
lit"
� s,00s
a
`0 6000
0
1995 2020
...m Cnnryofnneg.A .4,MA,,,lam'_o_uyv,/ag�egl
Ad/u,'mul Rerm¢r v /nna Saare�
—
Fdnnllnrnagrnry Fvrvm w.eRieg -Rdord 4emnv, !Wn',lxmev 4xp K!,
ld„en... fuw -se.,g Omtiro., �. y ;.pa.�w,e..,/..o:rxxvxfrw.a,.,I
(hnngr (vwy HMI. Cm Axmn
(hi..gr (avnl.4uvi Snii.0 la+'+'- v.o.RNUdmn, Huo'mc (1111 f6:. ]IW
Crime
Accordingto the C lifomia Attomey Gened, betty «n 1988 and 1998,
violent crime against seniors (including murder, non - negligent
manslaughter, rope, robbery, and assault) declined more sharply in
Orange County than in neighboring and peer counties (42.9%
decline).
While violent crime is on the decline, the average monthly adult abuse
reports to the Orange County Social Services Agency, Add[ Proactive
Services increased 46% since 1995196. The incase is primarily
attributed to the expansion of the types of abuse which must be
reported and who must report them, as well as incased community
awareness. In 1999/2000, most abuse allegations were for self - neglect
(42 %). Other most commonly reported aregories of abuse were
neglect (17 %), psychological abuse (14 %), financial abuse (14 %), and
physical abuse (9 %).l
Home Care
Although measurable long -term are spending in the United States is
for nursing home and other institutional are, the majority of older
persons with disabilities five in the community and receive assistance
from spouses, adult children, and other family members. Mon of this
are is informal and unpaid, although there is an incasing number of
older Americans with disabilities who are relying on public programs
for suppom In Orange County, the Arm Agency on Aging expects the
demand for in -home supportive services to incase by 187% by 2020.
This raises important questions about who will provide this care and
how it will be financed.
I Mme than one cuupq of lepuon may be nave on a single repom
5 1 C C I A L F A T U a ES 11
Economic and Business Climate
The indicators measured in this section demonstrate that the economy of Orange
County is one of the strongest regional economies In the country, Orange County's
current prosperity offers a unique opportunity to address structural deficiencies that
could threaten the long -term economic growth of the region. To be specific:
• There is not enough housing being developed in Orange County to match the
growing population of either residents or employees
• Orange County is dependent on surrounding counties to meet its housing and
employment needs, which directly impacts traffic congestion
• The costs of living in Orange County are rising faster than income growth.
• Orange County's ability to maintain its diverse high -tech clusters of activity will
directly correlate to its ability to attract and retain the best and brightest
graduates. This in turn is dependent upon the quality of life and the perceived
ability to acquire reasonable housing.
Measures of consumer and business confidence are currently high but can change
very quickly if perceived problems are not addressed.
Business Climate
Tourism Related Spending and lobs
World Trade
Consumer Confidence Indea
Per Capita Income
Housing Demand
Housing Affordability
Rental Affordability
Average Commute Times and Modes of Travel
Annual Transit Hoardings
Distribution of Jobs by Industry Cluster
High -Tech Cluster Diversity
Business Optimism at a 10 year High; County Rated Attractive
For Entrepreneurs
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures Orange Comity's business climate through
two studies: a survey of how business executives in Orange County feel
about doing business in Orange County (Business Sentiment, Orange
County Executive Survey), and a ranking of the best regions in the
nation for entrepreneurship (Best Cities, Dm & Bradstreet and
Entrepreneur Magazine).
Why is it Important?
A regions business climate reflects its attractiveness as a location, the
availability of business support and resources, opportunities for
growth, and barriers to doing business. Since businesses provide jobs,
sales tax dollars, and accessibility to consumer goods and amenities, a
strong business climate is important for maintaining Orange County's
economic health and high quality of life.
How is Orange County Doing?
After judging Orange County to be a not very attractive place to do
business in the early and mid 1990s, Orange County's executives have
rated the county as a more attactive place to do business in recent
years. In 2000, 44% of the executives surveyed stag that Orange
County was becoming a more attractive place to do business. 71e most
often cited reasons for the county's antracriveness as a business location
were: Orange County is a desirable place to live, it is ecntrally loafed,
and the particular business' Customers are here. The most cited
problems with Orange County's business climate were traffic and the
high cost of housing.
In 2000, Orange County ranked 3rd out of the top five best regions for
entrepreneurship in the West, Orange County is also among the top 20
best regions in the nation, ranking 19th. Regions were evaluated based
on the number of young businesses, small Company employment
growth, overall employment growth, and rare of business failures.
14 ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE
Business Sentiment
& 5 ag
AR
OY
� a 30
.Y
Mn i zo
9n 91 92 93 94 95 96 9r 99 99 00
Year
.S— l 'G—, Ewme Spey. Xna
Top 5 Entrepreneurial Western OTIes /Regions -2000 Rank in the
Sum.' DnF &MnneaW FimepnrarA� , ?pp
NATION
1 San lose, California
15
2 SeatticHellevuelEverett Washm,tca
16
3 Orange Count, California
19
4 San Diego, California
21
5 Sacramento, California
29
Sum.' DnF &MnneaW FimepnrarA� , ?pp
Visitor Spending Continues to Rise, But Travel- RelatedJobs Decline
Hsher Spending and Travel Industry Jobs
Orange County 1992 -1998
fs.BBD --
.- .aa000
47.000
It
-" G6,000 O
H.000—
- _4s.000
c
E
— m.00B
It 53.500._
— 43,000 E
— 41.000
92 93 94 95 % 97 %
Year
•Ysitorminding :: TravelaMurm Jobs
Srx: Lafavu Tm ®,Fm Fm MIXI PaV: /MaA(ugoWmnd)
Travel Industry Jobs, by County
1992 -1998
B
Or .5? o-"P de`s y of. 6"p
If p et,° 0Fe
y°`
1993 E1995 01998
.r fid/s nu Tw®, ra Fsm 2. P,y; //q ra4(n.gnWmrrL,
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures total dollars spent by Travelers to Orange
County on accommodations, food, ground and air transport, recre-
ation, retail sales and travel arrangement. It also measures the number
of jobs supported by Orange County's tourism industry.
Why la it Imports nCr
Visitors Traveling to Orange County for recreation and business par -
poses generate revenue and jobs for the local economy. Tourism is die
Third largest employer in California, following business services and
health care, and it is one of the leading industries in Orange County.
Hotels, shops, restaurants, and entertainment venues rely on the
tourism market for a significant percentage of their business.
Additionally, Orange County cities benefit from tourism due to the
Transient Occi parry Tart, a local tax applied for hotel charges. Orange
County local governments received a total Clover 5128 million in 1998
from viSlTOr-related w revenuef.
How is Orange County Doing?
Following a statewide Trend, visitor spending in Orange County has
increased steadily over die past seven years, increasing an average of
6.2% yearly over this time. Compared mall California Counties,
Orange County has the fourth largest total dollar amount of annual
travel spending, trailing only Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San
Diego counties.
Similarly, tourism - related employment in Orange County is on the
rise. Between 1992 and 1997, Orange County tourism- related jobs
gradually increased in total number from 41,470 in 1992 m 46,270 in
1997. In 1998, the total number of jobs related to the tourism industry
decreased slightly.
Amusement parks, like Disneyland and Knobs Berry Farm, and the
county's 42 miles of beaches continue To be among the most popular
tourist destinations in the sHm.
Economic Impacts, of lip dsm
Research iMicates that each one warrant (1 x) increase in i1vtor spending
equates m 5131 million for the Orange County econi all neaTM S33
million in earned income for resicamm. Each million Option of vlsms,
Spelling ovum in the creation of 36 new full -time fobs.
C2Ck 'liu rIPI:F nki'
ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE 15
Strong Export Growth and Diverse Market Base Bode Well For
County's Trade Potential
Description of Indicator
This indicator identifies top export markets for Orange County companies in leading high -tech sectors. It also measures the
distribution of exports in dollars among the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Africa & the Middle East for Orange, Los Angeles, and San
Diego Counties.
Why is it Lnportan6
New trade agreements continue to increase free made opportunities and competition. In order to remain competitive, Orange County
companies must expand their presence in foreign markets. Due to the county's strong Latino community add proximity to Mexico,
Orange County is well positioned to take advantage of growing markets in Latin America. Additionally, the more traditional export
markets of Europe and Asia continue to provide growth opportunities.
How is Orange County Doing?
In 2000, the cap five export markets for Orange County companies in leading high -tech sectors included a majority of European and
English - speaking countries. However, Mexico and Singapore have among showing in the electronics and information technology
sectors. Between 1993 -1998, exports to the world have increased in Orange County by 37.8 %, slower than growth in San Diego
County (54.5 %) but faster than growth Top Five Export Markets for Orange County Companies by Sector -2000
in Los Angeles County (24.9 %).
Orange County's exports are well dis- moors
tributed between the America; Asia and Bioledrrology Elm.mda Information Technology Tektommunications
Europe, Irlaing the colla y more able 1 Japan Germany United Kingdom Germany
to weather economic Crises abroad. Leas 2 United Kingdom Si,gapore Marl. United Kingdom
3 France United Kingdom Germarry Frame
Angeles County is heavily Invested in 4 Germany Australia Ancona Singapme
Asian markets while Sao Diego County 5 50,nh Africa Mexico Canada Australia
is primarily exporting To the Americas. s. ....:rnp,.�.w..lr.k,oq.vml..,.. cmrel.ur?.d^a^+^am. /.re . n;.wrW, an;..>..s•.w nw,.,twa
Exports by Region -1998 Orange County Los Angeles County San Diego County
W Amenco
■Europe
"a
X Aftics and Middle fan
4wrve: MmgMiun AlvrMMin
.. T m.4W,d LLrvxuw..
T(ufr."
Iud EnvwrAU/pq
T1. Orpnwmr nfCmrvvme
16 ECDNDMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE
Exports to World
9•WO.WO
mSan Diego
B,W0,000
M Orange
C
).000.000 - --
•IcaAngela
D 6.000.000
'o
gI,oW.00o
FYA 1000.000 :-
1000AW
I.OoDoot
1933 1991 1995 1936 1997 199.
Swv: O�r�TM.�W Pmnc Anlpv ?i, drymumr rfC.xmen
Consumer Confidence at an All Time High
Consumer Confidence
in
N
SID
96 BB To 92 9a BE 98 OD
Year
00rangs Coumy o-' Unuvd States
Fvm: wvc...9n..ws.nn ucma con
Per Capita Income
Percent Annual Change, 1993.1998
9%
J%
6%
5% — — — —
3%
I%— — — — — — —
Dx.
�a't
S— us
Per Capita Income
C e
P� d+
1' p
? 1993 E1992 1998
Description of Indicasor
This indicator uses the Commuter Confidence Index (CCI), a five -
queation survey Conducted nationally by the University of Michigan
and loco y by the University of California, Irvine, to measure the
confidence that consumers have in their present and furore person-
al income Situations.
Why is it Important?
The CCI is a leading indicator of the furore spending habits of con-
sumers. It is important because it measures the willingness of
Orange County consumers To make major purchases such as a new
home or new automobile, invest in new business endeavors, or Case
A risk with their career such as starting a new business or pursuing
additional education. A high CCI indicates that Comumers feel gen-
en ly optimistic about the state of the economy and their wellbeing.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County%2000 CCI score of 112 represents the highest score
since the index was first tracked in Orange County on an annual
basis in 1986. Nationwide, the CCI is 109, according to the
University of Michigan. For the national indea, a score of 100 or
more is Considered very good, since a score of 85 is the avenge for
the 50 -year history of the mtional survey.
Compared to U.S. Average, Income
in Orange County is Higher But
Growing Slower
Desorption of Indicator
This indicator measures real per capita income levels and income
growth in Orange County, Compared to economic peer Counties.
Tonal personal income includes wages and salaries, proprietor
income, property income and transfer payments, such as pensions
and unemployment insurance .
Why is it Important?
The overall incrcase in wealth of Orange County residents is impor-
ost because higher disposable incomes result in additional purchas-
es of goods and services which provide jobs, tax receipts, and a sense
of material satisfaction as residents have what they need to survive
and prosper.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County's per capin income level is higher than the U.S. and
California avenges, and higher than economic peers Austin, Tens
and Research Triangle, North Carolina. However, Orange County's
growth in per Capin income from 1993 through 1998 lags behind
the national growth rate and economic peers such as Austin, Santa
Clara County, Seattle, Ni mt apolis, Research Triangle, and Benton.
Fran: US B..w- 1— ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE 17
Supply of New Housing Not Keeping Pace With Demand
Description of Indicator Demand Index Trend -1998 -1999
This indicator measures how much new housing is being constructed
(housing sum, pemtits) relative to new jobs being provided by the
economy m Orange County. 4,50 - -ai�
Why is it Impotent?
1999
4'00
Housing demand that exceeds available supply contributes to Orange
d
350
County's poor performance in the housing and metal affordability
a E
Index
indices. A balance must on between the number of jobs in w econo-
m •
E
w- _._._..
3.00
my and the number of housing units. Housing for workers should not
€
.4
fall behind Orange County's ability to create jobs When an economy is
39.900
2.50
growing, new housing must be created in handle the additional workers
_
San Francixo Bay Area
employed. The inability to meet housing demand has the potential to
28.307
2'00
make housing unaffordable to workers by:
Y
1 W
• Driving up purchase and rental prices, already at record levels;
12.63
6
• Making it more difficult for employers to attract and retain workers;
43,400
tW
• Forcing more employees to make longer commutes
How is Orange County Doing?
In Orange County, more than three new jobs were canted for every 0.00 ISBN 1999
house built during the past year (demand index 3.26). This indicates
that housing Supply is not keeping pace with the growth of the countyb • Orange County
economy. Orange County's housing demand index ranked third out of I CaNfornia
U.S. mean areas, indicating that the county's imbalance of housing ■ United States
starts relative To new jobs is among The most severe in the country. Mort
similar regions, with the exception of Las Angeles County, have a 'gar ]IV Mgm Gnre
beau balance of housing permits relative m job growth. Compared to
Orange County's 1998 demand index of 4.41, the County improved
slightly in 1999.
Svrt: ih Mrym Gnp
Humber of jobs oeatM per means, permit granted in a given year
A rank of one equals me wom )obilhavang balance of metropolitan
areas in the country.
18 ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE HOUSING
1999
1999
Osawnd
Job Emeriti
Housing Permin
Index
Bank'
LosAngeles
8E70D
14,060
'6.17
1
Orange County
39.900
1 ;236
3.26
3
San Francixo Bay Area
79,1 W
28.307
2.79
4
Burton
46,800
11,823
12.63
6
Inland Empire
43,400
2.921
2.07
13
San Diego
26,100
16,295
1.60
30
Auxin
28,100
19,897
1.41
37
P omix
63,400
47,213
133
40
Atlanta
79.800
611046
131
41
Seattle
36,800
28,387
130
42
Minneapolis
26,700
23,173
1.15
46
Beuarch Triangle
10,900
21,472
0.51
67
Calibrate
394,000
138,040
2.83
U3
3,213,000
1,663,500
1.93
Svrt: ih Mrym Gnp
Humber of jobs oeatM per means, permit granted in a given year
A rank of one equals me wom )obilhavang balance of metropolitan
areas in the country.
18 ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE HOUSING
Fewer Households Can Afford Homes as House Prices Continue to Rise
Housing Affordability Artist,
1994 -1000
80%
E
o
WAS
x
60%
- - --
c Sa% _.
E
<
30%- _
°<
20%
tox
o% —
9a 95 96 91 98 99 lulyOO
- - --
In Bernatlino County
-- - - - - -- Riveraitle County
Los Angeles County
Orange County
......... In 1u ocounty
Smrt: W wW .1mtim of FWVr N,4 Uvod.4ne Cmrv, arw
ryNnwvbd mM.,d 1rOJLOI
Housing Opportunity Index
2nd Owner 2000
tort%
w 90%
E B ]0%
IS E se"
.a.
S 1% "eTe.... _..
E A ail% aox aIn _
x °a _
e F 30 %
u E 30% — — — — — -
Y
o%
ty, `aE �
d y= t, H° Boc``PS Se
t`'Oae
Description of Indicator
The Housing Affordability Index measures the percentage of
Orange County households that can afford the median priced home
in the county. The Housing Opportunity Index is a measure of the
percentage of homes sold that a family earning the median income
can afford to buy.
Why is it Important?
A lack of affordable housing an be a major barrio to a strong,
reliable economy. High relative housing prig may potentially
influence location decisions of corporations, causing some to
consider whether to relocate or remain in a region. A shortage of
affordable housing (particularly for first -time buyers) troy discour-
age young families from moving to Orange County or Staying hue
after graduating from local colleges and universities. Alternatively,
high housing costs an encourage Orange County workers to settle
outside the county in longer commutes, increased traffic
congestion and pollution, deuased productivity, and an overall
diminished quality of life.
How is Orange County Doing?
Between July 1999 and July 2000, the median home prim in
Orange County rose by about $28,000 from $287,940 to $315,730
according to the California Association of Realtors. In 2000, only
27% of households in Orange County could afford the median
priced home, down from 37% in 1999 and far below the United
Spites avenge of 53 %. Orange County's Housing Affordability
Index lags behind all of its neighbors except San Diego. lu 2000,
41.3% of homes Sold were affordable to a family mining the
median income, down from 53.9% in 1999. Orange County conked
165th among U.S. metropolitan areas for the Housing Opportunity
Index in 2000, dropping in rank from 164th in 1999.
ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE - HOUSING 19
Large Fractions of Renters Not Able to Afford Rental Rates
Description of Indicator
The Rental Affordability Index measures the percentage of renter
households unable to afford Fair Market Rend
'Why is it Impotran8
Rental housing can provide low- and moderate- income workers with
affordable places to live. Lack of affordable rental housing can cause
high occupancy levels, leading to Crowding and household s Tess. Less
affordable rental housing also limits the ability of moderate- income
workers to save for a down payment on a home, limiting the ability of
renters to become home tamers and build personal wealth through
housing appreciation. Ultimately, a shortage of affordable housing for
renters Can instigate a cycle of poverty with potentially debilitating
effects throughout the whole county.
How is Orange County Doing?
Thirty-four percent (34 %) of Orange County renters are unable to
afford Fair Market Rent on A one - bedroom apartment, while 42%
Cannot afford a two- bodmom apatmtent These rates have not changed
significantly since 1999. According to the National Low Income
Housing Coalition, an Orange County household.earning minimum
wage Can afford to pay no more Than $299 per month in rent. A house-
hold earning 30% of the Orange County median family income
($22,120) can only afford to pay $533 per month in rent Compared to
the state avenge and economic purrs, Orange County has similar, if not
better, rental affordability rates. However, none of the rents in These
regions would be Considered affordable to a large percennge of renters.
Renting in Orange County
Asarage MonUly Rent 200D
$1,086
V .A—. 1_.. W MLlFun FWWm
Fair Market Rent 2000'
One- Bedmom $292
Two-eedroms Sand
Tnree- Bedmom 51,3"
s «n: LIS oan.Nx..azm twn
Estimated OC Median Family Low , 20M
$93732
EMlmated CIC Renter Household Income. 200)
SOT,106
snn: n e..d ua t.—x —, ra.sm.
1 Fair Market Rents are baud on 4em Muent a rents in the
market area, thus do not typically reflM' market rate.-
Estimated Number of Renters Unable to Afford Fair Market Rent -2000
61%
60 %__STN__ >�II% —Re-
_ _—
50% 52% ......... _ _. a9S 'Soe
J2X <3Ye 41X
n% 38 —
3<% 3<% 35% 36% 36%
30% L L �. 39n 3E%'
30% -
2
o ,y
T %a
„'. Th,e Bedroom ■ Two malmom 00ne BMrwrn
s..�.: rvo.,.12.n.— x..ms e:.anv N, rhva."25
20 ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE - HOUSING
Commute Times Rise Sharply in 1999
Average Commuting Time To And from Work
by Home County
f
so-
ran 1991 1996 1998 1999
......... tot, Angell
— orange
- - - - - -- lumemde
.-- -._... San Bemadino
Ventura
S.mr 4,Mnrbh(wuAmaduJ0.rmnrnu,.Vae jMeCwvrc
Rqv,, IYK
Primary Travel Mode - Orange County
90%
so%
70%
10%
-.... ................ .... .. _..
lox
_.__ _._. __
- 1994
1996
10%
_.... ..
01998
0%
... ..- --y---..i- ......_.._._.�_
Small,
y
o`
'Drive Alone' includes motorcy0e5 aM'Car9qul' Irlrludes
vangWlS
1— bul...r 1.0—.imv,:...efG --v,
.6m. frlx r—, N,pm, /YM
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the average two -way, Commute time for
Orange County residents, compared to other Counties in the
Southern California region from 1992 to 1999. It also shows the
primary mode of travel for commuting for Orange Cowry, residents
from 1994 to 1999.
Why is it Important?
Tnffic Congestion and long commutes have a negative impact on
personal perceptions ofqua0ty of life and on regional air gmlity. As
employment and population Continue to increase, hours of traffic
delays and daily vehicle miles traveled per person are projected to
increase as well.
How is Orange County Doing?
The average daily two -wry Commute time for Orange County
resident, increased from 65 minutes in 1998 m 74 minutes m 1999.
This was after Commute times for Orange County had remained
relatively stable from 1992 to 1998. Wl9ile Orange County average
Commute times had been lower than Riverside and San Bermrdmo
Counties for much of the 1990s, the most recent dam suggest that
Commutes for Orange County resid.m now are roughly as time -
Consuming as those for Inland Empire residents. From 1998 to
1999, Orange County had the largest increase in commute times in
the five -county Los Angelca metropolitan area. That in.. mold
be partly due To smtisrical fluctuations, but rapid employment and
population growth and a strong economy are also contributors to
increased traffic.
In general, Orange County residents are Consistently more likely to
drive alone than residents from other Southern California counties.
Since 1994, Orange County residents who primarily drive alone to
work has decreased from 84% to 80% in 1999. Over the same peri-
od, the rate of Orange County residents carpooling (13 % in 1999),
using the bus (3 %) or walking (2 %) has not clanged significantly.
ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE - TRANSPORTATION 21
Annual Bus Boardings Increasing, But Low Compared to Peers
Description of Indicator
This indicator measure the number of bus boardings per Capin per
year. Each time a passenger boards a fixed route OC:rA (Orange
County Transportation Authority) bus, it is Considered one boarding.
Also measured is the growth in nil transit boardings for the ommmuter
rail line that operates within Orange County.
NLy is it Trnpornnta
The ability of Orange County residents to access destinations
throughout the county is an important element of our economic and
social wellbeing, whatever the destination —be it a job, school,
residence, shopping, recreation or other activity. Bus and nil transit are
alternatives to automobile Transportation. Transit- reliant groups, such
as senior elements, children and teenagers, persons with disabilities and
households that Cannot afford an automobile, depend on public bus
service for their mobility. Other residents may seek alternatives to the
..,.mobile for economic or environmental reasons. Bus and nil
service is an important strategy for alleviating traffic congestion and
air pollution.
How is Orange County Doing?
The number of OCTA bus passenger boardings per Capin has
gradually incrCaSed over the past five years from an average of 16
boardings per person in 1995 to 19.7 boardings per person in 1999.
This increase ran be attributed to several factors including increased
bus service and marketing efforts, rising employment rates, increasing
traffic congestion and increasing gas prices. When Compared with
peers, Orange County has the Iowa[ per npim rued route bus
ridership. Ridership on the Orange County Line, the commuter nil
line which runs between Los Angela County and Orange County, has
increased tenfold since service began in 1990.
Number of Commuter Rail Riders- 1990191 - 1999100
1,f-0L.WY
1.aW.CW
I,EOa.WJ
t1100.0A
aoo,00a
soo,aoo
aao,lxo
zao.lxM
ORA Bus Passenger Boardings - 1994195- 1998199
25 _.......__.._. —.__ __. _.
24
23
3 211
19
6 ,g. .....
a ,t _.
E16 —__ _. --
m 14
13 ........___ .. ........................._.. ......_._..
1z
9195 95% 9697 97MB saw
Year
Sun¢.' Onrvge fmm T.'mpnv,w Ave Miry
Bus Boardings Per Capita for 199$ Calendar Year'
o._—__________ ..__._.__...____..._____._____.
MI 91sE 9E93 93M 9tn5 95% 9697 97M SAM 99.00
4rv. Gng„ GVen T.vrpwm.lvehmr
22 ECONOMIC AID BUSINESS CLIMATE - TRANSPORTATION
twrcc Fdnrl Tr'anm An,La+rv, 19YF Nemwl Tnui, probe
Toe FdmlT tax AUAs ,p ,a4rbrmprvpiv Mlivpxrnlub Mr
xAa w,w e, ocrn,raw.,rc.,�.Aopr,n.m, w.a tor,., arrss,
ga
70 ..........._._...
_...
4
fig
d
m
A
to
,?
<
t3°
e`er
5
4FF
o._—__________ ..__._.__...____..._____._____.
MI 91sE 9E93 93M 9tn5 95% 9697 97M SAM 99.00
4rv. Gng„ GVen T.vrpwm.lvehmr
22 ECONOMIC AID BUSINESS CLIMATE - TRANSPORTATION
twrcc Fdnrl Tr'anm An,La+rv, 19YF Nemwl Tnui, probe
Toe FdmlT tax AUAs ,p ,a4rbrmprvpiv Mlivpxrnlub Mr
xAa w,w e, ocrn,raw.,rc.,�.Aopr,n.m, w.a tor,., arrss,
Growtb in Software and Telecommunications Balances
DefenselAerospace Job Losses
Jobs in High -Tech Industry Clusters
Percent Change 1991 -1999
130%
t0x
b%
W%
Q%
Sox
ox
40x
-sox
60%
ayd- �,• r5-` `Feoep"er ie° op 4`t`d
O•' t4at^" rt "P. td' o R 4e
.UV,e: Gbfew Frp6m�m,0emLtwwf)pnwm
Average Wage in High -Tech Industry Clusters - 1999
590000
$s0.00
SIDON
$60.00
$50.000
$a0.00
$30.00
$30.00
$10.00
�t•O pd� cF D/'/ +0�
sou,.: rnpw, a �rgTM.., o�+.ervm, om„TM,m,
Description of Indicator
This indicator shows distribution of jobs according to high -tech
industry duster and Compares salaries across industries.
Why is it hnportant'
High -tech clusters are an essential engine in an information -age
erommy. Clustering helps to demonstrate how Competitive Orange
County is - or Could be - from an international, regional, and
metropolitan perspective. Examining employment changes within
specific dusters illuminates how the composition of Orange
County's technology economy is evolving. Well developed
high -tech clusters
• Attract superb scientific and business talent
• Enhance university and research opportunities for state-of-the-
an technological research and joint ventures by innovation
companies;
• Allow the development of informal networks of entrepreneurs
and researchers who nn trade ideas and spur innovation and
business growth;
• Attract finandal and venture Capital resources, and;
• Create a strong and reliable tax base.
Salary levels in different industries reflect the ability of particular
segments of our economy to provide a wage high enough for
workers to afford the Cost of living in Orange County. Growth in
high -wage industries an help drive increases in average incomes
and total economic product within the county.
How is Orange County Doing?
There has been considerable change in the Composition of Orange
County's high -tech employment during the 1990s. Large reductions
in defense/acompace employment were more than counterbalanced
by strong growth in telecommunications and computer software.
Computer software employment, for example, grew by 1 30% from
1991 to 1999. These changes illustrate that Orange County
technology employment has kept pace with changes in the economy.
The county is less dependent on aerospace and computer hardware
employment now than in the past. hatad, dusters that are nrong-
ly linked to evolving Internet and Communiations technologies are
now an important part of Orange County's high -tech economy.
Encouragingly, the clusters with the highest average wages -
Computer software and wlecommuniations - also had the human,
employment growth rates from 1991 to 1999. High -tech companies
offer higher wages than other segments of our economy. Eor
example, Orange Cou atys Computer software jobs pay an avenge
wage of more than S80,000 per year.
ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE 23
County Among The Most Diversified High -Tech Economies in The Nation
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures how diversified our high -tech economy is
relative to other regions in the country.
Why is it Important,
High technology businesses are high - growth, high - employment, and
high - profitability industries dust are important to the fume economy.
Gaining a broad representation of high -tech industries in Orange
County will ensure future economic prosperity for the region as these
industries attract talent, finadces and firms.
Diversity in the local high -tech cluster base is important because
it helps insulate Orange County's economy from unanticipated
downturns in any particular cluster or industry segment. Too much
reliance on any particular industry segment may exacerbate economic
recessions.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County has one of the most diverse high -tech economies in the
United States, trailing only Boston in high -tech Cluster concentration
diversity. Orange County has the same high -tech duster diversity as
in 1998.
High -Tech duster Diversification - 1998 -1999
12 _.....
e la
6
6
`o Q
E 2
i
.ST6:..rnlwlen.
24 ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CLIMATE
1998
E1999
Technology and Innovation
The indicators measured in this section confirm that Orange County has the
technological backbone necessary to compete in the new economy. As demon-
. strated by the level of educational attainment by its residents, it also has the
community culture that values technology and understands the importance of
access and training. The county is vulnerable, however, in two areas:
• Maintaining a critical mass of business research. The activities and
atmosphere that lead to innovation include the ties to research universities
and the access to venture capital. Those regions that pay attention to the
elements of innovation will gain a competitive advantage
• Making sure that all of the county's inhabitants have both aces to, and the
ability to use, the various technology tools is vital In the new economy.
Orange County trails the statewide average of students per computer which
suggests unequal Investment in different regions of the county.
E.COmnle({e
patent Grants and Venture Capital
Computers in schools
Tech -Nelri Degrees
County Among National Leaders in Internet Use
Description of Indimtor
This indicator measures the percentage of adults who have access to the
Internet either at home or work and the percentage that use the
Internet to purchase goods and services. Alan measured is Orange
County fim a' presence on the Internet
Why is it Impostxata
The Internet is rapidly becoming a mainstream medium with far -reach-
ing impacts on every aspect of our lives. On a community level, the
Intemet encourages the interaction of s variety of demographic, cultur-
al, retail, social, business, and media groups. On an economic level, the
explosive growth of the Internet is affecting not only high -tech firms,
but changing the way a broad range of films conduct business and
commerce in general. Orange County firms' usage of the Intemet
indicates whether Orange County businesses are keeping up with
teehnologiwl advances. Tndang Internet usage reveals how Orange
County residents are responding to this relatively new but pervasive,
phenomenon compared to other metropolitan areas in the nation.
H. is Orange County Doing=
Orange County has the 3rd highest Internet usage rate among adults in
the U.S. (55.6 %), trailing only Washington D.C. (59.9 %) and San
Francisco (56.1 %) among sixty-five major metropolitan areas. The
overall national average for U.S. metro areas is 43.7 %. In 2000, 39% of
residents reported that they used the Internet to purchase products.
Orange County firm' presence on the Internet has grown tremendous-
ly in the last four years. In 1996, approximately one -third of all firms
surveyed had a website or home page; by 1999 that faction had grown
to 90 %. Among Orange County fimq the most common uses of the
Internet are e-mail (99 %), advertising (72 %), and a source of informa-
tion (63 %).
26 Tr C NN 0 l00Y
Orange County Residents Who Use the Internet to
Purchase Goods and Services -3000
lntemet Usage Among Adults -1999
Sox -- -- — — — —
zox
m %—
hJ' 4�01 `,ro Ce P 'F �p9 O e fie° sFF
`TC Pa
IV o
oy
Orange County Business Presence on Me Internet- 79963000
t00%
90% — —
sox
70%
sox
5M-
0%
30% ee
20% - --
10%
0%
1996 1997 Has 1999 3000
Patents Increasing Slower Than Peers; Venture Capital Shortfalls a
Likely Factor
Patent Grants - 1999 -1999
's
e
x
S
g
E
z
",6 0 r I y F Cx ' as
C P 'fly If f9 r iM
'Pb`
O
1994 MIN7 EM9
Nme: \rlirn l4/kvvYnu Clm Cuq
Venture Capital Investments - 1999
LNU -.
,,m-
Cc LWO-
L
u app- -
e son-
g
E aut-
S
20a
d
a
Numner of mvestmen
0 Dollars Invested (in Minicar)
Fvnx. Rv�.nnVwuu Gupta Llf
Nw� TA Limn a Lu Augeb LlmurS iW.Le 0.e{e GUnv
-$is
-f12"
nC
- $a E
-f6 c
C
- f2
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures patent Stars awarded and access to venmre
apical.
Why is it important?
Few items are as important for a national or regional economyb long
term viability as the development of its technological potential and
human resource. Orange County's lmowledge- and information -
intensive economy has become increasingly reliant on scientific
discovery for growth.
Venture capital and other early -stage capital sources support the
nation of new entrepreneurial companies, especially in high -tech
industries. This indicator helps gauge the county's ability to irmowre
and apitaliu on new ideas.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange Country patent gents were fairly static between 1994 and
1997, while other similar areas saw increasing levels of parent gnu"
during the same period. By 1999, the number of parent gnma in
Orange County jumped 30% but still lagged behind substantial growth
rates seen in similar area. While Orange Conty venture capital
investments in 1999 totaled nearly a half - billion dollars, investments
were not as large as investments in similarly -sited places, such as San
Diego or Austin. This suggests a need to expand the availability of
venture capital and other early -rage financial support for Orange
County companies. Venue capital opportunities might also need to
expand to further support research and technology development
to help generate the technological irm wation growth cotes seen in
similar ..a-
tE<M N0 LOGY 27
Student Access to Computers Increases But Still Lags State And Nation
Description of Indicator
This indicator masuru the number of K -12 students per computer in Orange
County schools and compares this to state levels and national levels.
IA%y Is it Important?
Computer stalls are some of the most important technical skills that a student
an possess in the new economy. The Internet is a major march tool for
students and an instructional device for teachers. Many experts agree a ratio of
four no five students per computer represents a reasonable level for the effective
use of Computers in schools.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County trails the state and national averages with 8.6 students per
Computer in comparison to 7.5 students per Computer for the state and six for
the nation. However, the County has improved since 1998 when there were 9.5
students per Computer.
Tech - Related Degrees Conferred Are Down,
But Certain Fields See Increases
Description of Indicator
This indicamr masares the number of technology - related degrees Conferred
by local universities.
Why is it Important?
Effective workforce development and training is vital to Orange County.
Continued economic wellbeing, particularly with today's tight labor market and
incasing demand for graduates with appropriate technological skills to serve
the needs of high -tech businesses.
How is Orange County Doing?
The number of bachelor. degrees Conferred in Computer science and informa-
tion science rose by almost 30% from 1998 to 1999, after increasing somewhat
more slowly during the previous four years. Bachelor's degrees Conferred in
biological sciences dropped in 1999, after having increased from 1994 through
1997. Overall, this shift is Consistent with the changing Composition of Orange
County. high technology employment physical sciences bachelork degrees
also increased in the past years Engineering degrees dropped at both the
bachelorls and graduate levels from 1998 to 1999.
Number of K -12 Students per Computer
Is
g_
B
a 7
E
s
n4
3—
ay`
`'`a
c
?a ot.
1998 01999
Ssm� Netirvd CexmJ F4nMV Sm4XV (umwlbuf.
Pa 9
Trend in Total Number of Twin- Related Degrees -
19954999
1.900
1.600 - -... _. -....- - _— ____........_
1.400 _
3 1.Oaa —' ----- " — " -..
S
8 eao
EE
Opp -
app
200
a —
1995 use 1997 1994 1999
...... BamCuv CN,rvvc �Guhdune Degrees
Number of Saobelor and Graduate Degrees Conferred at Orange County Universities
28 TECHNOLOGY
1995 1
1996
1997
1998
1999
Bach,
Grad.
Bach,
Grad.
Bach.
Gred.
Bach.
Grad
Bach.
Grad.
Biological icknces
823
61
789
S6
608
71
688
63
593
47
Engineemg
284
198
272
200
270
170
241
1P
226
141
Physical Sciences
149
67
123
58
169
77
Ill
69
239
75
Information and Computer sciences
99
43
133
28
131
31
1%
31
489
17
Biology
as
5
106
19
140
11
125
16
122
13
Other Sciences
83
25
74
29
71
43
95
36
52
42
Computer sciences
80
33
68
26
63
34
fib
24
95
25
28 TECHNOLOGY
Education
The strength and quality of the economy can be no better than the abilities
and skills of the people in the community. There is therefore no better
indicator of long -term economic prospects than the scholastic preparation of
the students in the region. In this regard the indicators measured in this
section show that Orange County has much to be proud of and some things
to be concerned about. For example:
• There is a significant difference between Individual districts such as Irvine
On'rfletl and Santa Ana Unified. It does not serve the county to measure
performance on the basis of "comparable" communities if the goal is to
be globally competitive.
• The long -term future of Orange County letied to the success of all
its students. The disparity between Whites, Asians and Hispania is
disturbing given the fact that over 40% of the entire student population,
and a much higher percentage of kindergartners, are Hispanic. Today's
kindergartners are the backbone of tomorrow's economy.
Educational Attainment
College Readiness
Career Preparation
Academia Performance
English Learners
High School Dropout Rate Declines; County Has Fewer College- Educated
Than Peers
Description of Indicator
Annual Drop Out Fate for Grades 9 Through 12
This indicator measures the educational attainment of Orange County,
1994195 - 1998/99
residents over 25 years of age, compared to neighbor and peer regions.
5.0% --- - - - - -- -- - - - - -- -
It also measures the annual porterage of Orange County public high
San Franc. Bay Area
school students who have dropped out over the past five years .
4.0%
Why, Is it Imp emost?
3.0% . - - -� -.
Educational attainment is important not only for personal success, but
1. 01 ... .... ........ .... ... ........ __...._...------ —___.. ..._.
for comment the local economy. A high school diploma or college
Los Angelallnng Beach
degree opens many career opportunities that are dosed to those
1.0%------- -- - - - --
without these achievements. Also, the education level of residents is
evidence of the and diversity of our labor - an important
DO % - -- -
quality pool
factor for businesses looking w locate or expand m the region
9a95 98% 9691 9196 9&99
School Year
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County s' California
Orange County has one of the lowest annual high school drop out rata
in the shte (2% in 1999). There was little variation among owines.
8
1 °1f. "" o`p'TM"" yre,..,.., re,..a...r cu a: era, D,,.pe, e,"m 1 -11 D,
Of the Orange County populati on over 25 years of age, fully 84% had
ora.r, weq wry,a.Hm."In.,Pp're . vr:.,.l wr;,,:.l. rsw.rvw
aurr:ue„ed�..3.. ✓d.ur.mp
high school diplomas in 1999, an increase of 4% since 1994. The gap
between the Content annual high school completion ram of 9g% and the
torrent high school diploma to for residents over 25 years of age of
84% is likely, due to older age groups in the county which did not
EducationalAtninmenf-
complete high school and An in- mignaon of less educated adW,.
percent Over25 who Completed, 8adhekur Degree
March 1994 and 1999
Of our neighboring counties, Orange County has the highest percent- 45%
age of residents over 25 with a Bachelors degree. However, when
compared in economic peers, Orange County has the lowest percentage 0%
of college educated (no rly 30% in 1999) with Boston and Seattle at the -
top (39 %). 35%-
so%-
25% - _ - _a ---
199a less
US C',.m IMvn Gvnrtwe /.ivrmxn. qO, Rirybrw ]t lbv eiN r/mq qy
M,vgWiun i�n.MrA lYYf vM IY4Y.
Pv4�'C�'+ "�'^^5'�^/MNbrd.mn� emm/w....rrverw0
30 EDUCATION
School Year
•
Borton
Seattle
¢
San Franc. Bay Area
•
Mirmi,,olisSt, Paul
•
Orange County
IN
San Diego County
•
Los Angelallnng Beach
Riverade,San Be nti irw Counties
US C',.m IMvn Gvnrtwe /.ivrmxn. qO, Rirybrw ]t lbv eiN r/mq qy
M,vgWiun i�n.MrA lYYf vM IY4Y.
Pv4�'C�'+ "�'^^5'�^/MNbrd.mn� emm/w....rrverw0
30 EDUCATION
More Asians And Whites Eligible For UC/CSU, While Only One in Six
Hispanics Qualify
Description of Ltdicaror
College readiness measures number of public high school graduate eligible for admission to University of California (UC) and
California State University (CSU) campuses. It also measures Orange County high school gradmtes' performance on the Scholastic
Aptitude Test (SAT).
Why is it Impor La
A college education or related skilled cettifinuon is increasingly important for many of today's jobs in Orange County . To gain may
to most four -year universities, high school students most complete the necessary course work and perform well on standardized tests.
How is Orange County Doing?
Since 1994195, UC/CSU eligibility for the entire County has risen, but this is largely attributable To increased eligibility for Asians and
Whites; all other ethtdcitie did not are a similar vend over the past five years. Only one in six Hispanic students, who make up over
40% of total enrollment in Orange County, graduate with the appropriate mumwork To go to a state college.
Orange County students on average perform well on the SAT. Orange County students on avenge some higher Than the nation, state,
and most peer counties. Of the counties compared, only Santa Clan County had the same five -year avenge some as Orange County-
1068 out of is possible 1600.
Uf U Eligible Graduates and Enrollment
E
I&P,
BOX
19954999 SAT Scores: Mevo5tate Comparisons
1050 __. _ _..
low
950 —
900 t. –
��t`
�yb C C PAC 4P 4P I? I� 9 P sae �el
If
l9YXN IYYY LU wari4Ne
`.j. 90.95 Eligible
91199 Eligible
N 99100 Enrollment (K -11)
UCK5UDou.Swnc rblgnmu
np.�,rr,r,rr yeeerm, reran.,.
Om'mgrrpfim Unv.IMV lrat Cwnry
Mrxxp Cie IYYI.IMMI
(Lnpl /AemleAUa p:44ra1vm/I
{ 1935
1996
1997
1999
Elm
f p rile r/N ojYN�yvm
E,W 6 dPb X NIA vCmrn
d.rf /itT l 1 T SAfI ,1 I I N 11N
.GeL ilrcirvd TT 1T N A,I Y1 ,
NmI Cr�Mirr. iutt 6urde(Elvnay. nymuen
4hIJU lxmv,om, pnuXnfAmrnuWrn.
Rv.:dM.ruu n..N.wrn,efr4ryAgmi ^XiWU,Lmba)
T Pev.nvw Ay¢n.AWnu'GerYw.'e le5uw
SprwP� rvr Fynin, lYYS -IY9 i.
M.aru nmcu.e ✓marl
EDUCATION 31
Most Students in Career Preparation Programs Find Yobs
or Educational Advancement
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the yearly student enrollment in Orange
County Regional Occupation Programs (ROP) from 1994195 to
.1998/99, and of those who Complete the program, the number who
were placed in jobs or are continuing their studies. In subsequent years,
this indicator will include additional data on skill attainment and
career /economic advancensent.
Why is it Impormnd
Career education, in which students learn the skills necessary to
perform Competently in particular careers and occupations, is a critical
component of the county's education system. Recognizing the
impur=nre of having Career skills in addition on general education,
many high school students taking College preparatory courses are also
enrolled in ROP. Career education also provides opportunities for
adults who are either re- entering the worliorce after =king time off or
changing careers. Educational choice — whether Career education,
college or university education, or both— provides amer alternatives
for residents and supplies the local economy with a diverse and
well - trained labor force.
How is Orange County Doing?
From 1994/95 to 1998/99, enrollment in Orange County's four ROP
districts (Coastline, Capistrano- Laguna, Central, and North) has
increased ILI %, faster than the California sum average enrollment
growth of 4.4 %. Of those enrolled in the 98/99 school year, 65.7%
completed the full curriculum and 85.1% of those completers had jobs
or were enrolled in additional education after completion- Over the past
five years, the county's placement rate (the percent of program
completers who find jobs or continue schooling) has varied from a low
of 80.2% in 1995/96 to the current high of 85.3 %'
3 ComldeuoNpl—m elan doc nm indude N. G gROP.
32 EDUCATION
Enrollment in Orange County Regional Occupation
Programs - 1999/95 - 1998199
30.000
25,000
n 2D,am
M.. ... Y.. ..?w
p 15.000
8 :
E
2 lam
5,000
90.95 9596 9692 97M 9899
♦ North County • Coastline
Central County +Capearam- taguna
..s,..a,: orA....t. -.. C..',. cm.wlu.sy,.m N.m G.n R,a
11,1=1 ,.a —Ugn— ufFilmrm
Placement Rate for Regional Occupation Program
Completers - 1994195- 1998199
86%
Bs%
ea%
83%
82%
81%
80%
19%
78%
77%
9x99 9i% %97 9798 9899
ymc GN^+mLPm Bmd. Cwdue .N Gmv/ Gary Reg,w.l lkvpu.
Wgrmux C.Y,t^r Oel°rmmr afG.e.om
Elementary Schools Per forming Well, But Disparity Among
Districts is Evident
Elementary School Academic Perfoommus Index
Desorption of Indicator
District Average- 1999 -
This indicator summarizes the Academic Performance Index (API)
score and Similar School Rank for each public elementary school in
School outdct
Average AR
Orange County, expressed as the avenge school score and rank for each
Irvine Unifies
843
district, The API— ranging from a low of 200 to a high of 1000 —is
tos Alamitos Unified
813
calculated for each school based on Sanford Achievement Test, Nmth
Saddleback Valley Unifies
800
Fountain Valley Elementary
805
Edition (Stanford 9) test results. The Similar School Rank— ranging
tagues Beach Urdfies
802
from a low of one to a high of ten— measures how the school fared
Brea -airda Unified
795
compared to other schools with similar characteristics.
Cypress Unified
773
Huntington Bead) Elementary
762
Capistrano Unifies
754
Why is it Inalmraoul
Placentia -vorbe uncle Unified
735
The Similar School Ranking and Academic Performance Index enables
centralia unaies
707
school adraimstracon and the public to evaluate how well a school or
Newport-Mesa UnHles
701
district is performing, both with or without Consideration of school
Ocean View Elementary
693
characteristics.
Tunin Un'dieel
690
Orarge Unified
688
Fullerton Elementary
679
How is Orange County Doing?
savanna Elementary
671
Most Orange County elementary schools performed well both in terms
Westminster Elementary
67
of Academic Performance Index (API) and rank, Irvine Unified had the
to Habra city Elementary
622
highest average API store in the Cowry, with Los Alamitos and
Garden Grove unifies
621
Buena Park Elementary
%a
Saddleback Unified close behind. Santa Ana Unified, one of the largest
Magrolia Elementary
579
districts in the County the lowest average API some in the County .
Anallelm Elementary
Us
However when Compared to schools throughout the sure with similar
Santa Ana Unified
ON
charaaenstia, Santa Ana Unified elemennry, schools performed well
with an avenge rank of seven our of ten. The IA Habra City and
Savanna Elementary school districts received the highest similar school
Elementary School Similar School Rank
District Average - 7999
ranks with a district average of nine out of ten. Individual school API
scores and ranks are available from the California Department of
irlwol Word
Average SSR
Education.
U Habra City Elementary
9
savanna Elementary
9
Anaheim Elementary
8
Brea -0IiMa Unified
8
Characteeristics Used f0 Determine Schmal Similarity Include.
Cypress Unified
8
• pupil mobility
Newpan-Mesa Unified
8
Saddleback Van, Unified
8
. pupil ethnicity
Tunin Unified
8
Centralia unified
7
e pupil socioeconomic status
Fountain valley Elementary
7
e % of teachers fully credentialed
Irvine Unfied
7
Laguna Beach Unifies
7
a % of teachers with emergency credentials
Magnolia Elememary
7
vA of pupils who are English Learners
same And Unified
7
Buena Park Elementary
6
• average class size per grade level
Garden Grove Unified
6
• whether schools operate multi -track year round
orange unifies
6
educational programs
Westminster Elementary
6
Capimana Unifies
s
C.l .ear rAP.,,..r •lrvy ea.,
Fullerton Elementary
5
Hvmirgton Beach Elementary
5
Lm Alamitos United
5
Orean View Elementary
5
Plscentia�YOrba uMa unified
5
.S,wm.' C hfi —vUgv —uftc m .lp�,Y (—s xrx)
EDUCATION 33
Gains in English Fluency Eclipsed by Increase in English
Learner Enrollment
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the percentage of enrolled students who are
English language learners in Orange County public schools over the
pan twelve years. Also shown is the percent of Orange County English
Learners redesignated to Fluent - English - Proficient (FEP) and Orange
County English Learner enrollment compared to neighboring and peer
California coundca.
R7g is it ImportatO
Students who have limited English speaking dills often face academic,
employment and financial challenges. An educated workforce with good
communication skills is important for A strong economy.
How is Orange Cotmtc Doing?
The percent of total public school enrollment made up of English
Learners has stayed roughly level over the pan five years (rising only 0.4
perecn4 slower than the state average of 0.7 percent over the same
period). However, since 1988, English Learners in the school system
have increased by over 14 %.
Since 1996, the number of students considered Fluent- English-
Proficient (students for whom English is a second language but who are
fluent in English) has risen, as has the number of students redesignated
from English Learner to Fluent - English- Proficient (FEP).
Compared to neighboring and peer California counties, Orange
County has the second largest enrollment of English Learners in the
1999 -00 school year (30.3 %). Of those compared, Los Angeles County
has the highest percent of English Learners (34.8 %) while San
Bernardino has the lowest (17.5 %).
34 EDUCATION
English Learners as Percent of iota/ Enrollment
in Orange County - 1988.2000
3.5%
3.0%
2.5%
2.9%
vs%
9x
97/aB 9192 9596 99N0
Year
Percent of Fluent English Proficient (PEP) and
Students Redesignated FEP. Annually- 1996 -2000
16%
14
uz
cox —
ex
6%p
4z •� - - --
95% 9697 9798 am 9990
Year
F Fluent English Proficient • Retlesignated FEP
English Lawman as a Percent of Total Enrollment
Ins Angeles county j
pang¢ Counry j
CalOwma
I I`
sum C1A,a c ty
San WeDe c ty j , (tM,7
Rhssloe county
San aemamno Counry
)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Percem of Total Enrollment
.s,.,c o4fmw D9vnwm, fF1�W /P0. a.aP'erexa�aa uen. D—i—, xm
ts„r�w.ul.m. ®sw✓4u4imrl
Health and Human Services
The new economy (and modern life) provides many benefits, but makes
many demands on individuals. Pressures of time, work, money and family can
become overwhelming. Several of the indicators measured in this section
suggest the long -term health of the community is threatened.TD be specific.
• Most Orange County children donotme etthephysical fitness standards
at any age measured
• Nearly 40% of Orange County children are eligible for free or reduced
price lunches, which is a proxy measurement for child poverty.'
• Orange County death rates for heart disease, stroke, and cancer exceed
national targets by a significant margin.
• The number of residents with health insurance coverage is declining.
• Drug use, higher In Orange County than other Southern Cal rfomia
counties, and major depression must be carefully understood and
momhoodr asthey relate to workforce preparedness and quality of life.
Health Status
Child Care Duality and Affordability
Prenatal Care
Leading Causes of Death for Children Under Five
Vacaine-Preventable Disease and Im munieation Nate,
Physical fitness of Children
Family Wellbeing
Health Ins ura nee Coverage
Illicit Drug Use
Mental Health
Orange County Death Rates Don't Meet National Standards
Description of Indicator
This indicator Rdo. the health status of the Orange County
population for the period of 1996 -1998, including mortality rates
(age - adjusted deaths per 100,000 people) due to the following:
homicide, suicide, firearm injuries, motor vehicle accidents, drug.
induced deaths, unintentional injuries, coronary heart disease, stmlre,
female breast Cancer, long cancer and all other Cancer; and morbidity
fares (Cases per 100,000 people) for AIDS and Tuberculosis during the
same time period.
R71v is it Important.?
Comparing Orange County's mortality and morbidity rates to the
Healthy People 2010 National Objectives helps officals to assess how
well health and safety programs are doing, identify areas for improve- a r
meet, and suggest needed public health midatives.
How is Orange County Doing%
During the period of 1996 to 1998, Orange County met the Healthy
People 2010 goal for deaths due to motor vehicle accidents but
eace.ded the death Late for the remaining 12 commonly measured
health status indintors.
Age- Adjusted Deaths* Per 1g0,00N Population,
Orange County, 1996 -1998
250
225
IW
175
0 150
125
100
75
50
C
25
0�10rF , peP`�"pi, ; Qy� H� 0 � v.1•b 0, ° T` yak'
r`d?0 j sd Str BR$ 9� r 13d'
J V�z
d°
Orange County — Healthy Neople 2m0 Goal
Naa,a Sand remmad—aau are Ammame In'ni¢nlea If,vn,lll I'd" ne mw,rtd Iry
¢w¢4r adduAc Wttn ara' per IINdYXI µryub,vm, aga- adje,MU Ae Vtar SlXVlundaM rygail¢nm.
Coss (h'vvXVCwry NmWGr. 1pury ,GmmueiutlrOwnGwmisu✓GJnmm4rgr. Y /IM1X,
VS Ime —m., ,,. e, H aam.m Iam, Hu4G mum 110 Qrnl�: //vrs'uJl ?nlmrnaµn✓1
US OerymrwvfHUhAb Hvwn merra HuIM Pge4 r0/n p ^N.T'¢' dmhG;va✓LULIIMA'Nl
Hu4d muardNvarmi Aa°+UN°d ryehd�An'INLIYp PpWawQanti CnanrylYYLlYY4
36 HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Child Care is Costly and 93% Unaccredited; Need for Subsidized Care
Outpaces Supply
Average Gild Care Cost Per Year, Infant (0.2) - 7999
a a r
��' ca'`
v"
.bvee C.Ifi—.icl Rruvm,W r,- I Rn'— C4JAen5
Hwur.hrc�a(000rwuv, Itrr14Y➢1Wl/vap1].af Co r pnA.4n
Orange County Accredited Early Care and Education Centers -
June 1999
Aermaited
7%
Liamse ! Cam.
91%
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the number of licensed mnter-based early
care and education programs accredited by the National Association
for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and the number
of children age 0 -13 whose families' income qualify them for
subsidired early rare and education services. Accreditation by the
NAEYC requires early are and education providers m meet
quality standards. Also measured is the average yearly Cost of
ficemed, center -based child care for children zero to two years of
age in Orange County compared to peer California counties.
WILy is it Important:
High -quality early child are and education ensures children will
have a stimulating and supportive environment in which to lam the
skills they need to be successful in School and life Long -term
studies have shown that children, especially high -risk children,
enrolled in bigh-quality early care programs (including high adult -
to -child ratio and specially designed play programs To encourage
social, emotional, and cognitive development) have higher aadem-
ic ten a., higher graduation and employment rates, and lower
early pregnancy nm.1
Cost - effective child care is essential to enable working families to
maintain economic Self- sufficiency. For many parents, finding and
paying for child care is a significant challenge and an enormous
financial burden.
How is Orange County Doing.
Out of the 825 licensed center -based early care and education
programs in Orange County, only 57 (or 7 %) are accredited by the
N *AEYC. There are 97,592 children eligible for subaidired child
are in Orange County, while only 18,880 children are receiving
subsidized are, leaving a remaining 78,712 children eligible for
subsidired are but unable to access it due to funding shortfalls.
In 1999 the average yearly cost of infant care in Orange County
was $7,959.
I Al-3a— Prrj T 14W1
Children Eligible and Receiving Subsidized
Gild Care and Education
- 1999
Mummer of orUdmar
$9,293
97,592
$7959
_
Eligible Withom Subsidy
78,712
$7,189
36,519
34,0]0
�/-
$2,000
a a r
��' ca'`
v"
.bvee C.Ifi—.icl Rruvm,W r,- I Rn'— C4JAen5
Hwur.hrc�a(000rwuv, Itrr14Y➢1Wl/vap1].af Co r pnA.4n
Orange County Accredited Early Care and Education Centers -
June 1999
Aermaited
7%
Liamse ! Cam.
91%
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the number of licensed mnter-based early
care and education programs accredited by the National Association
for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) and the number
of children age 0 -13 whose families' income qualify them for
subsidired early rare and education services. Accreditation by the
NAEYC requires early are and education providers m meet
quality standards. Also measured is the average yearly Cost of
ficemed, center -based child care for children zero to two years of
age in Orange County compared to peer California counties.
WILy is it Important:
High -quality early child are and education ensures children will
have a stimulating and supportive environment in which to lam the
skills they need to be successful in School and life Long -term
studies have shown that children, especially high -risk children,
enrolled in bigh-quality early care programs (including high adult -
to -child ratio and specially designed play programs To encourage
social, emotional, and cognitive development) have higher aadem-
ic ten a., higher graduation and employment rates, and lower
early pregnancy nm.1
Cost - effective child care is essential to enable working families to
maintain economic Self- sufficiency. For many parents, finding and
paying for child care is a significant challenge and an enormous
financial burden.
How is Orange County Doing.
Out of the 825 licensed center -based early care and education
programs in Orange County, only 57 (or 7 %) are accredited by the
N *AEYC. There are 97,592 children eligible for subaidired child
are in Orange County, while only 18,880 children are receiving
subsidized are, leaving a remaining 78,712 children eligible for
subsidired are but unable to access it due to funding shortfalls.
In 1999 the average yearly cost of infant care in Orange County
was $7,959.
I Al-3a— Prrj T 14W1
Children Eligible and Receiving Subsidized
Gild Care and Education
- 1999
Mummer of orUdmar
Eligible for Subsidized Care
97,592
Received Subsidized Care
ta,am
Eligible Withom Subsidy
78,712
G'eaW lh. dlmrvr pMm,ra Cwurd, l ➢LY
HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 37
Rate of Early Prenatal Care Continues to Rise
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the percentage of live births in Orange County
to women who began premed tare during the first three months of
pregnancy, compared to California and by nee and ethnicity.
Why is it Important'
Early prenatal care provides an effective and cost - efficient way to pre -
venq detect and treat maternal and fend medical problems. It provides
an excellent opportunity for health care providers to offer rounsding on
healthy habits and lifestyles to lead to An optimal birth outcome. Higher
levels of low birth weight and infant mortality are associated with late
or no prenatal tare.
How is Orange County Doing?
The percentage of women receiving early prenatal care has increased
steadily over the past five years to a high of 86.7% in 1999. The Healthy
People 2010 goal for prenatal care is that 90% of mothers will receive
early and adequate preoanl care by 2010. Of the three largest groups,
White, Non - Hispanic mothers were the only group to reach the goal as
of 1999. However, ever the past sit years, Hispanic mothers have seen
the largest percent increase in early prenatal core (14 %) - a positive
trend since 49% of births in Orange County in 1998 were m Hispanic
mothers, more than any other ethnic or racial group. The age group
with the lowest percentage of early prenatal ore was teenage mothers
(19 years of age and under). However, this age group showed a slight
increase in early prenatal tare between 1998 and 1999, 71.2% versus
72.0 %, respectively.
Percent of Total Births - 1998
xmhe,
N.'uNaan(
30%
Asian
11%
non Ameroma
1%
Omer
1%
XISpDnI(
a9%
.bmx: Gn.yr(xory NUMCm Aamn7FYNir NrdedMUM AUm+em $afye
sM tiv 6th Aenvd Rqm nu rlrr Gw4omr nfGilfm ix Uexgr Query 1pq
38 HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Percent of Orange County Mothers Receiving Early
Prenatal Care by Ram and Ethnicity - 1994 -1999
90%
a,.,^"" ......
esx
aox
75%
lox
65%
95 96 97 99 99•
— Wfihe. NonMiap tic Afrkan AT Uan
— Xiipani( .,...Asian
comer • - -- TOlal orange County
• vroi.mnrm m„ 6.r ivw.
.Gem: Gvun xf (Mrs p Nmal. Lrz A6^Lr. tir'^^rmuMr Dim
(gnnleeO E,+idrwwbyl, EfRG
Percent of Mothers Receiving Early Prenatal Care -
County Comparison - 1998
86%
Game: GFfi.x Derynn<xr a /Hu4l. Srnva DfFurfHmlrl� Ivfnwmn
aM Ran'. L, tlulSUrum .t'rmxx
Blx
eox
._ - - - --
'.. -.._.
7a%
76%
70%
d'
°
r
Game: GFfi.x Derynn<xr a /Hu4l. Srnva DfFurfHmlrl� Ivfnwmn
aM Ran'. L, tlulSUrum .t'rmxx
Deaths of Young Children Decline; Prenatal Care
And Education Credited
Desch Bares for Five Leading Causes of Death
for Children under s rears ofage
County of Orange, 1994-7998
s`
s&
na
oo
is
8Z
A
to
0
•' ..........
199-7 1935 1996 199) 1998
--- Contlhions orlghMlHy In Patient Periad
Cwgen9al Anomalies
5"an Infant Death Syndrome
.... wavni,q
MaloNMicMAttMe.
e1«+.'tr y-11
r . vow
Desorption of Indicator
This indicator measures the increase and/or decrnse in number, of
deaths from the five leading Causes of death for children under five
years of age in Orange County from 1994 to 1998 (shown in terms
of number of deaths per 100,000 children under five).
Why is it Important?
Awarmes of the leading Causes of death for children nn lead To
intervention strategies that can help prevent mortality.
How is Orange County Doing?
The five leading causes of death for chfldren under five years of age
in Orange County from 1994 to 1998 include conditions originating
in the peenatal period (including conditions such as low birth
weight, and related complications, such as Respiratory Distress
Syndrome), Congenital anomalies (including severe birth defects and
The effects of drugs and alcohol on the fetus), Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome (defined as an unexplained death in the first year of fife),
motor vehide accidents and drowning.1 Many of these deaths are
preventable, and deaths from these nusn have declined between
1994 and 1998, largely due To improved prenatal Care and education
programs.
I Pennad doth is defied ss'ded of a (Con of ar lac 1fl xee4x of gesvuon or of n
child undo 28 days of lik." (Califnmia Delmmna t of Holrh Services, Cow for
Hrald, Sudssion
HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 39
Immunization Rate Far Below Recommended, But Infection Rate
Remains Low
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures repotted casca of vaccine- preventable diseases
among children under five in Orange County between 1994 and 1998
which children are required to be vaccinated against before entering
Itindergarten. The required immunisation series includes: 5 doses
diphtheria, tetanus, and pemtssis (DTaP or DTP), 2 doses measles,
mumps, and mbelb (MMR), 3 doses hepatitis B (hep B), and 4 doses
Polio. Alan measured are immmmation rates in Orange County from
1995 to 1999 for children at two years of age.
Why is it Irnpormnt?
Immmization is considered to be one of the most important interven-
tions available for preventing serious diseases among infants and did-
does. The Healthy People 2010 immunimtion objective is for 90% of
young ddldren (age lin to 2314) to be protected by universally recom-
mended Vaccines.
How is Orange County Doing?
AB vaccine- preventable diseases were either not seen or were on
the decline among children under five years of age in Orange County
during the period of 1994 to 1998. Over the pan five years, there has
been little change in the percent of children immmured by age two. In
1999, 64% of children at age two were irmnunieed, far below the
Healthy People 2010 goal of 90 %.
40 HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
VaNne- Neventahle Diseases Among Children
Under 5 Years of Age - County of Orange, 199419981
w
35
30
25
3
`e p
g
is
z
10
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Maeou -- -Mumps —FRmms
There were no re,ond wca ofdil*rhedz tmo,, mWIA
b,,ot r B or polio dining ohn lend among children oMer
fve years ofage.
.t,., p' Cnh Hmab G Aamn,O —. n—CvNM
gw.,n;ds„ 9naa.
Percent of Orange County Children Immunized
at 2 Years of Age - 7995 -1999
loon
Sox _....... —.
W%
lox
__ -+
sox _
Sox _
40% —
30% _...._-
20x
lox-- --------- -- __.____- _.___ --
ox
1995 1996 1997 199E 1999
..:: <California -- Orange County
awaxHealthy People M10 goal
Swn:: nnH,m (bung Hxba Gx.igmen CmmwraX40.urc GnJM
fia:Im�n, 9 /N�M1r
Most Orange County Children Unable to Meet Fitness Goals
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the physical fitness of dWd. in grades 5,
7, Rod 9. Sis asks measured include: aerobic capadry, body
Composition (percent of body fat), abdominal strength, trunk
extension strength, upper body strength, and flexibility.
Why is it b apor DETTO
A sedentary lifestyle is one of the primary risk factors for many
health problems. The physical fitness of Children is important both
for their health vow and for the positive impact building a commit-
ment to fimess Can have on their health as An adult.
How is Orange Contrary Doing?
Smdena must At the min ina. fitness standards for all Si x areas
of the Test to be considered fit, and over 70% of Orange County
students in the grades tested could not meet that goal. Statewide,
80% percent of students were not able to meet all six fimess
standards.
HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 41
Fewer Receiving Public Aid But Cbild Poverty Increases
Description of Indicator
MedvCal, food Stamps and CaIWORKs
As a means of measuring Orange County families' progress coward
Average Monthly Cases
self- suffickmey and economic stability, this indicator measures the
caseloads of care public assistance programs including C21WORKs
9oam
(provides cash assistance and employment services), Food Stamps
eD00D
(provides vouchers to buy food), and Medi -Cal (provides health care
7o,aoo
coverage), and compares this to measures of economic status including
household income as approximated by the number of children eligible
& sD am
^
for free or reduced price school luncha.
w ao(AND, ' -'F --
Virky is it Importmt4
E
i w.000 --
- --
Famihes living in or on the edge of poverty are more prone to stress,
..
_
volatile family relations, and poor nutrition, heath, and performance at
zo.ao0 - --
--
school or work Achieving self- saf6cienry, and economic stability can
lo, aao----------------------
..-- .. -.....
have lasting and measurable benefits for both parents and children.
D
_
1995% 199697 199798 191,10099
1999,00
How is Orange County Doing,
Orange County families are trouitioning out of CalWORKs At a rapid
• tANi{a1 Unload
rate (down 48% from 1995/96) and those Sall receiving CAIWORKs
- Food Scamps Unload
benefits are working and earning income at an even greater rate (up
■ UIVVORxs Caseload
179% from 1995/96). The Food Stamp caseload has also dropped (by
s..a..
50% since 1995/96). Despite the decrease in the CalWORKs caseload,
many families have remained eligible for Medi -Cal coverage. Overall,
the Medi -Cal caseload has increased 13% over the past five years.
The number of children eligible for free or reduced price school
1�Y
lunches is a proxy for child poverty. A child is eligible for subsidized
school meals if his or her parents' income is below 185% of the
poverty level. Fully 37.7% of school age children in Orange County live
in families with incomes at or below this level, up from 33.8% in 1993.1
Among the many families that are no longer receiving public assistance,
punt and Number of Children Eligible for Free
some may have achieved economic stability, while the increasing
or Reduced mSchool Meals- 1999100
number of children eligible for subsidized meals suggests others have
joined the ranks of the so -called "working poor" and are struggling to
School usoid Percent
Number
get by. Limited affordable housing (pages 18 -20) and quality child care
countywide 38%
181,224
Mgben Frye (by Percent)
(page 37) add to the challenges for working families in Orange County
Anaheim Elementary ez%
17,e95
Santa Ana Unified 73%
42,447
W Habra City Elementary 71%
4,390
I The 66 Annual Rc,—un de Cundid dChildrch in(hany Cowry 2000
Magnolia Elementary 69%
4,650
Weatminner Elemenurry 62%
6,D13
Lowest Rue (by PertenU
Laguna Beach Unified 11%
271
Saddleback Valley Unified 1D%
3,552
Los Alaluns Unified 10%
064
Irvine Unified 7%
1,6311
Fullerton Joint Union High 3%
359
.Cane riGf u0eprmeryGVmru, tivrmr
.Smrvv Onnen @nf /�`++adem.peJe fMUd/mfNnh
62 HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Percent of Residents Witb Health Insurance Declines
Percent of Residents Ages 0 -64 With Health Insurance
Coverage -1996 -1998
I00% —__
95%
BDx -- i
75%._.__.__. _.... _..___
vD %.._.. _...... __._
60x
1996 199, 1998•
— o,a,y. —armma
Aeim: UCUlixcl°HWd Pdm R Thsun UHwhb
cm..P. Xwn,w rm RdvrSO,tie, ts. 4a.rjXWM
/p. GlQeayG IY99l I'M 19Y9
Pnrre Gn,ry Xuhd Nad,.4rnvm, Scour, IY ➢8
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the percentage of Orange County residents
aged 0-64 from 1996 -1998 who have health insurance coverage,
compared to Los Angeles, Santa Clan, and San Diego Counties,
and California.
Why is it Importand -
Access m quality health care is heavily influenced by health insur-
ance coverage. Because health pre is expensive, individuals who
have health insurance are more likely to seek routine medical care
and to take advantage of preventive health screening services than
those without such coverage - resulting in a healthier population.
How is Orange County Doing?
The percentage of Orange County's non - senior residents who have
health insurance has dropped from 81% in 1996 to 77% in 1998,
according to a California -wide study. This downward trend is
occurring statewide and in the other counties compared, with the
eaception of San Diego which has wimessed a sicable increase in
insured. The Orange County Health Needs Assessment (OCHNA)
Survey conducted in 1998, revealed that 83% of all residents 18 and
older and 87% of all children 18 and under were covered. The
Healthy People 2010 urger for health insurance coverage is 100 %.
H EAIiH AND HUMAN SERVICES 43
Drug Use Higher in Orange County Than Other Southern
California Counties
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the number of Orange County residents age 12
and older who have used illicit dings recently (within the month prior
to when the survey was Conducted), compared to peer Metropolitan
Statistical Areas. Illicit dings include: marijuana, cocaine (including
crack), heroin, hallucinogens (including LSD and PCP), inhalants, and
non - medical use of psychotherapeutic drugs.
Why is it Important?
Drug use can have detrimental effects on the emotional, physical, and
economic wellbeing of the user and his or her family and friends.
How is Orange County Doing' Orange County ofresidenrs 12 years of age and over are recent
drug users, and 4.5% need treaunenc for their drug use. Orange County
has the highest rate of the areas Compared.
Baseline Set For Number of Residents
Suffering From Major Depression
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the estimated number of individuals over 18
suffering from major depression in Orange County (within the year
prior to when the survey was conducted). The estimate is calculated by
multiplying the 1996 national race- specific prevalence rare by the 1997
County population age 18 and older.
Why is it Important
Depression is just one form of many debilitating mental health
disorders that often go unreported and untreated. Untreated, mental
health disorders can worsen, leading to difficulties in the home and
workplace, and in severe cases, smeide.
How u Orange County Doing?
An estimated 120,480 Orange County residents over 18 years of age are
suffering from major depression.
" HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Illicit Drug Use (in Part Month) Ages 12 and Older -
1991 -1993
9%
8 %._....... -- - .--- .. - - -_
Tx
s%
3%
z% _M
I%
ox
C a
d e`
a'l' % sP W° osO eq eo PPI
Prevalence Pate EPeriant Needing Treatment
4m: 4/mem AFVksWMmd HwM Smee.I /a�iwa:iee, n)(ue.j
Ar1/id SMie. IYYF 5abmm� 1AV.vW Mnuf HmIF 4
@^I^gv.merulmaeWadp'gvrN18.M1
Number of Orange County Residents Ages IS and Older
5ufienng From Major Depresion 1995 Estimate
130,480
Nun': torn.' Mall ta,uune I®itl ilea- -I 1—n4 4.—I
aelu,d o-. rcsm weal e��m�PmMl�d,.mm.,,ma,xvdur.,xx �m,m,E
m+, nun fie mnp've A�aunm lniL
S ,US 0.pr,mnefHmpFfHvwe $ ww, XuM Rmmv nM
Snrvm AMmern,w,
G-Cwn NUM Sinn INVm Rqm, fpyyym
a rNFtiw.,,e ✓ Nw/.''a*'.•w.aenry
IvaLd lean.pv/D,rL,nrnuyi?lbPaMNerv..lMmnMV-C1K'H.GI-I4M-0fY-
C9 MuRclvin
U.S. U. —Ogva ry W.— C—. hr "'.1 Gulp: 11.- IYYY
Pwu'.nnn.M1w1
Public Safety
Each of the public safety indicators measured in this section show
a steady decline in crime in the county and a lower rate of crime
compared to other counties in California. These are positive trends,
since investments are made In places that individuals and
companies know are safe and secure, and denied to places they
know or perceive are not To the extent it is a safer environment for
both property and employees of various enterprises, Orange
County will achieve a competitive advantage. Areas to watch
include:
• Child abuse. Although the number of children removed from
their homes decreased in the last year, this follows several years
of steady increases.
• Growing teenage population. The large number of kids about
to enter their late teens could impact crime rates because this
segment of the population has the highest rate of criminal
behavior.
Child Abuse and Neglect
Felony Arrests
Crime Rate
Gang - Related Crime
Hate Crimes
Children in Out -of -Home Care Decreases For First Time in Five Years
Description of Indieator
This indicator measures the number of children placed in out -of -home
pre (with a relative, foster family, or group home) after Substantiation
of child abuse or neglect and a determination by the Juvenile Court that
the child cannot be adequately protected while remaining at home.
Why is it Imprommul
Out-of -home placement is often the final am to promct children
from dangerous cirwmstances after repeated attempts to stabilize their
families.
How is Orange County Doing?
Although the number of children in out-of -home care increased
steadily over the period from 1995/96 to 1998/99, outpacing the rate of
population growth, the County Saw a reduction of 3% from 1998/99 to
1999/00. In 1999, Orange Cowry§ out -of -home pre rate for children
0 -18 was 5.8 children per thousand children living in the county, less
than peer California Countics and the state avenge.
46 VUal1C SAFELY
Children in Out -of -Home FosrerMeladve Care - 1995 -2000
s.000
`e a.000
F
3.000
E 2000
z
� Loon
Y
a
p _.
199596 19"1 199780 199.199 1999M
ywe: (Meg Gmy 4nd Srav ArmiF C'bd6m iM Fm3h 5mva 1IXU
Children 0 -18 in Out -of -Hoare Gm
Par 1000 Children - 1999
ts ___ ----- _ ... ... ... ........_...- .- ...... ---
.
16
1.
0
12
8
to
e
3
p
.4mr: NMtlI Nina: CwemALwiu, fmi lacF &WMt.
Ynl.neew rJ�wmfwt niYnn Cvl /nuv, Uvner�of G4f ",
Oetdq Gwuijm.Wi]Smrc HrvnA, laq
Adult and juvenile Felony Arrests Hit a 10 -Year Low
Felony Arrests. Adult and Juvenile - 1990 -1999
Desorption of Indicator
35,E _ _, --- _,------- _.
This indicator measures .anus] felony arrears for persons under IS
years ofage Quveniles) and persons over 18 years ofage (adults) from
"Son __ .__,_—
1990 — 1999. Felonies are the most serious offenses and include
murder, assault, robbery, and other offenses (see Crime Rate,
27M __ _.__._ _ _ ._
page 48).
x zzsoo ._._..... ._.........._............_..__.
W'hv is it Important?
Y
Tnckdng juvenie and adult felony arrests helps the Community
_ . ..............._
understand the level of serious Crime in Orange County and the
E 15M — -
extent that youth and adults contribute to that crime. While youths
tzsm
make up a mull portion of overall felony arrests, criminal justice
S, - -- -- - - - - --
to,tao --------------- - - - - --
experts argue don interverwng early with at -risk youth an help
7,500 — - ._ _.........__.. ................._
reduce criminal activity in their adult lives. Furthermore, population
5M __ - - _________—
projections indicate that teenagers as a group are growing faster
_ _
than the rest of the population. Since males age 15 -19 have the
highest rate of criminal behavior, the number of juvenile crimes may
N 91 92 53 M 95 SE 97 56 99
increase as the teenage population increases.
—Adult, - -- Juveniles -,- -Total How is Orange Comm Do'
Adult felony arrears have fluctuated over the past ten years, ranging
from a high of 29,340 in 1994 to a present low of 22,785. While the
fluctuation has been less dramatic for juveniles, they have followed
Felony Arrest Fate -County Comparison 1999 the pattern of adult felony arrests with a spike in the mid- nineties to
znUU — _ - -___- a ten -year low in 1999.
too
t
Y
4m
.mine G4(ry urx llepnwmr yr 9.m¢, lhxmu.f4vvumlln /ruvry aM
AWR, Lirrvinvi luni¢yaom,C'm¢..Gpwhr:/M
@ epe/ jw ¢Lddyx.w¢,v.YdryyvNrr�YY /uJ¢dyNe f
r�¢grarr ,r. r:.xm pm.s¢nn¢.ry
PUBLIC SAFETY 47
Crime Rate Drops, Following Nationwide Trend
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures crime rates in California between 1995 -1999
using the California Crime Index. The California Crime Index
measures reported violent and property felonies per 100,000 people.
Violent aline includes: murder, non - negligent manslaughter, rape,
robbery, and assault. Property Crime includes: burglary, larceny and
auto theft
R7W is it Imponand'
Crime impacts both rcal and perceived safety in a community. While
crime has decreased over the pan five years, year after year residents
Continue to name it the most important problem in Orange County.'
ROW Is Orange County DOingr
Both the violent and property crime rates Continue to decline in Orange
County and throughout the Hate. Orange County has the lowen
overall crime rate among neighboring counties, and has only slightly
higher Crime rates than economic peer' Santa Clara County.
Demographic and economic eircumstances may account for the nation-
wide decline in crime rata.
Califumia Crime Index - Orange County Reports
2,5DD
2,DOD -
8 tSon
'u 1.000 _._......_ --
E
v`
500 -- _
0
1995 19% In, 1999 1999
- Pronely Game - -Vrolern Crime —Total
Califomia Crime, Index - County Comparison 1999
2,5o:
I UO Orange Cmnry Annual Survry. Cnme h.n mprol de lilt of mm impmwn po b g
Lens m Orange C-nry was 1993. 8 1,500 —r ....._...__
i
E
V 500
o__.. ..... ......_.._....
`a Aoo r po ;"S¢ `ue>
,o If III` C q o
nn„ai .t,nn...,wo„ /r N3'Xroa✓Yxnoleyj
@,ry,- / /n�g�ur�u Wgr /N/W➢YryXY4W F„
a PUBLIC SAFETY
Gang- Related Crime at Lowest Rate in Five Years
Gang-Related Crime Incidence
4,ow
California Crime Index - Orange County Reports
5,000
4.500
4,000 __.- - --
9.500
2 3,000
e 2,500
E 2,Om
-
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Filings Made by Ami -Gang man
— Total GangRelate0 Felony Filings
Gang - Related Homicides
W
u 70
Y W
E 5U
x
'e w
E 20
10
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Snrrt (bmgr Lvm, (AmYn Arrmwy, tY %Y Amrrl (un4liw Repro, MgSpq
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures gang - related crime incidence, filings, and
homicides from 1995 -1999.
Why is it Important -1
Over the past few years, due to public demand, increased resources
have gone toward canting anti -gang mils and the development of
new units to reduce gang - related crime in Orange County. This
indicator can help the community gauge the effectiveness of these
programs and help determine future needs.
How is Orange CAmnty, Doing?
Cang- related crime has decreased over the past five years, as has
the total number of gang - related felony filings. The proportion of
filings made by various anti-gang units in Orange County has
increased, evidenre of the increased resources given to these units In
combat gang - related crime. Possibly the most dramatic trend is the
decrease in gang - related homicide, falling From 70 in 1995 In 26
in 1999.
PUBLIC SAFETY 49
Hate Crimes Increase After Record Low in 1998
Description of Inditaror - Hate Crime Events in Orange County - 1995 -1999
This indicator measures the number of reported hate crime incidents in tm — --- -' —' --
Orange County from 1995 -1999. When bias against another personk 1w ...-- - . _ ......_....................____ _ _ —
race, religion, disability, serval- ormoution or ethnicity drives a criminal
art, the offense is classified as a ham crime
so
Why is it Important?
Ham crimes are among the most dehumanizing of crimes because the 20 - -- --
perpetrator views their victim as lacking full human worth due to their o ______.____ _ ._........._......
slain color, language, religion, sexual orientation or disability In 1995 199e 1997 19M 1999
addition, a hate crime impacts the entire group to which the victim
belongs, spreading concern throughout the community se.,_oaf,..,se.,.ncm.m, c—,nlm.
Cmvm G4fimu, lwl'p - IY99"@ep: / /mg —Wq//
How is Orange County Doing?
Following a high of 108 hate crime incidents in 1996, the number has
decreased to 86 in 1999. The lowest number on record since law
enforcement began to track ham crimes in 1995 was 80 incidents in
1998. Over the past 5 years, 667 individuals, businesses, religious
Hate Crime Events Per 100,000 -
organintions, or governments have been victimized by hate crimes in
County Comparison - 1999
Orange County . In California, of all reported ham crime offenses, 60%
10
were based on race or ethnicity, 22% ou serval orientation and 17%
on religion. Fully 68% were violent offenses and 92% targeted
mdMdoals.
e
Z
1 _
e _
uv.,,.,.,,r fh—,, c�. cam.:,.
.7-11, }corn- ovw— 4 :e, Pmveyr CbuF aJNarxmicMnye
.
(MP / /aca.dln S+:✓/frM W LN4GR1e /Rmb9 Dmr 1
50 PU9tIC 5 NSCtY
Environment
One often hears that in today's economy work can be done anytime, anyplace.
This has led some to conclude that place does not matter any longer. The
opposite is actually the case: place now matters most of all. "Anytime,
anyplace" means that people have the choice to do what they want, wherever
they want, it is therefore the quality of a place, of both its natural and built
environment, that determines whether people choose to work or live there.
Orange County has an enviable location and vast natural amenities that must
be carefully tended to ensure the long -term future quality of life of the
community. Specifically:
• Continued ocean water closures will negatively impact Orange County's
quality of life, affecting natural resources, perceptions of wellbeing, and
business competitiveness .
• The county is doing very well in the areas of air quality , landfill waste
diversion, natural habitat preservation and parkland dedication, but we
have to sustain the strides made as the county welcomes 40,000 new
residents each year.
Coastal Water quality
Regional Recreational Resources
Natural Habitat Resources
Solid Waste
Air quality
Water Use and Sappy
Unauthorized Waste Discharges Increase Leading to Ocean Water Closings
Description of [ndicaror
This indicator measures the number of beach mile days last due to orean water closures for 1999, as well as the causes for closures from
1995 -1999, and the number of unauthorized sewage spills from 1990 - 1999. Also mesamed are long -term postings for 1999.
Why is it ha portand
It is important to protect beachgoers from unhealthful coastal conditions. These unhealthful conditions negatively impact both
beachgoers and beach businesses. When ocean water is closed, tourists and local Orange County beachimers able are discouraged from
visiting Orange Couaty3 beaches, reducing the amount of consumer traffic in the beach communities and reducing beachgoers'
enjoyment and our mom0 perception of quality of life
How is Orange County Doing?
10 1999, there were 156 beach mile days lost due to ocean water closures The primary oust, for closures was sewage pipeline
blockages in 1999 and pipeline breakages in 1998. There were 276 unauthorized waste discharges in 1999, up from 76 in 1990. The
reason for the increase in pipeline Failures over the past 10 years is debated. Possible causes include: an aging sewer infrastructure, a
need for increased pipeline maintenance, uncharacteristically wet weather, or a combination of the above.
In response to the nearly 1,500 days of long -tern postings in 1999, local agencies have Taken steps during dry weather periods to divert
urban runoff into the sewer system on a temporary basis, while seeking long -term solutions.' Poor water quality lading m postings is
largely attributed to urban run -off.
I Multiple Isuda an Re pwsed 6n muldple days ]=ding an a ram] numM1a ordays of paiunp per ym in aaxs of 365.
.4rt.' nnnly, GwO XVEl Ge.3pq
52 ENVIRONMENT
Ocean Water Closure Causes - 1995 -1999
20
Ir
j II
4
I:
G II
O I
B I
at ,
at
So
1995
019%
0199)
019%
E 190
Unauthorized Waste Discharges in Orange County - 1990 -1999
300
290
252
eX 200 g
O tit �0---
1m 118
E 9O —a6— lot 91 -
i
0 --
1990 1991 1992 1993 19% 1995 19% 1997 1998 1999
Significant Parkland Dedicated in 2000; Trail Construction Continues
County Bikeways and Trails - 1999 -2000
6a0
sun
400
300
F
2a0
100
Bikeways RidingAiRd ,,Trans
- ,onansdi ■Eairting
1 As pup ,cad in de Cwnty ofiCra., Masco Pbn
County Regional Parks - 1999 -2000
es.aW — —15
40,000— 1.9
—13.s
3s.000—
—12
30.000— 9A
—ID.3a
—
C 25,000—
—9 i
Coal Carryon ecal"cal Reserve
965
Oim Hills Stare Pad
—b
15.OW—
—a.s i
O.OW
—3 C
0_ ...
_0
uitaa Wood T-13
Regional Pads Regioroi ftn,2
•AVM Per 1,0'00 RKidents i;, 1999 ■ 2000
2I-Ind. oido -as and name puma
? Liclude. PmOerda to luue l.xn ionovciFly offered (bu,
na
wemb ownd Oy de County).
Nmv 2100 nurka rbe Imal.ne ysar fo olo,laung—ox, bssd on
urban reyi.rnal ry,6.
Non -County Regional Park lands -2000
Natural Habmit Resources .2000
■ ProtMed Natural Habhat
UoprotMM Nrtnral Xablon
, Desigrehd -FUNre Planning-
sw,b: rate;. aia4dc MRmme O.rymun,MpMa, aaae ew Pe.b,
(Meb'IWVL havixa MOarbywm.6v.0 nnr.,yn5 0.ub' LNp
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the change in acres of regional parks; and
regional hiking, biking, and riding trails from 1999 -2000.
Why is it impormnt?
Orange County's parts, trails and beaches contribute to a high
quality of life. They provide a variety of recreational opportunities
and offer relief from the urban environment. Measuring acreage and
milmge change etubIm residents to track the County's progress in
preserving open space and providing regional trail linkages.
How is Orange County Doing?
As of October 2000, there were 353 miles of unpaved regional trails
and off -road, paved bikeways (4 more than 1999) and 36,592 aces
of regional parkland (9,510 more than 1999, due to the addition of
Limestone, Weir Canyon, and City of Irvine open space). These
resources, combined with the 42 milm of beach in Orange County,
make up the regional recreational resources available to all Orange
County residents and visimrs. Federal, state, local and city parks
further add to residents' rmeational options. A map following
shows regional park and nail resources.
Baseline Measurements of Habitat
Acreage Establisbed
Desorption of Indicator
This indicator m... acres of manual habitat resources in Orange
County as of October 2000. The land is nregoriwd as protected,
unprotected (developable), or fume planning (planning for the area
has not yet commenced or is not yet complete), and includes public
and private lands, regional and sure parks, Cleveland National
Forest lands, marine refuges, and land protected under the Normal
Commurlides Conservation Program (NCCP). All other lands not
included in these categories are considered developed, disturbed or
agriculture.
Why is it Important?
Protecting habitat helps preserve biodiversity by providing plants
and animals with the enJuonment they need m survive.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County has preserved 121,731 acres of natural habitat as
of October 2000. Approximately 67,770 acres are currently
unprotected and 36,852 acres are designated "future planning.'
The year 2000 is the baseline year for calculating habitat acreage in
there mtegorim. A map following shows natural habitat resourar.
ENVIRONMENT 53
Areas
Was China ECOlogltal Reserve
1,168
Crystal Cove State Beam
2,863
Rancho Mission Viejo Conservancy Area
1,306
Coal Carryon ecal"cal Reserve
965
Oim Hills Stare Pad
4,468
Cleveland National Foost
5g3B1
Natural Habmit Resources .2000
■ ProtMed Natural Habhat
UoprotMM Nrtnral Xablon
, Desigrehd -FUNre Planning-
sw,b: rate;. aia4dc MRmme O.rymun,MpMa, aaae ew Pe.b,
(Meb'IWVL havixa MOarbywm.6v.0 nnr.,yn5 0.ub' LNp
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the change in acres of regional parks; and
regional hiking, biking, and riding trails from 1999 -2000.
Why is it impormnt?
Orange County's parts, trails and beaches contribute to a high
quality of life. They provide a variety of recreational opportunities
and offer relief from the urban environment. Measuring acreage and
milmge change etubIm residents to track the County's progress in
preserving open space and providing regional trail linkages.
How is Orange County Doing?
As of October 2000, there were 353 miles of unpaved regional trails
and off -road, paved bikeways (4 more than 1999) and 36,592 aces
of regional parkland (9,510 more than 1999, due to the addition of
Limestone, Weir Canyon, and City of Irvine open space). These
resources, combined with the 42 milm of beach in Orange County,
make up the regional recreational resources available to all Orange
County residents and visimrs. Federal, state, local and city parks
further add to residents' rmeational options. A map following
shows regional park and nail resources.
Baseline Measurements of Habitat
Acreage Establisbed
Desorption of Indicator
This indicator m... acres of manual habitat resources in Orange
County as of October 2000. The land is nregoriwd as protected,
unprotected (developable), or fume planning (planning for the area
has not yet commenced or is not yet complete), and includes public
and private lands, regional and sure parks, Cleveland National
Forest lands, marine refuges, and land protected under the Normal
Commurlides Conservation Program (NCCP). All other lands not
included in these categories are considered developed, disturbed or
agriculture.
Why is it Important?
Protecting habitat helps preserve biodiversity by providing plants
and animals with the enJuonment they need m survive.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange County has preserved 121,731 acres of natural habitat as
of October 2000. Approximately 67,770 acres are currently
unprotected and 36,852 acres are designated "future planning.'
The year 2000 is the baseline year for calculating habitat acreage in
there mtegorim. A map following shows natural habitat resourar.
ENVIRONMENT 53
Ren to nal Areas
. N.I.4
Urban
56 ENVIRONMENT
E NI I F 0 1 ME x _
Landfill Waste Decreases as Most Cities Approach 2000 Diversion Goals
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the annual tonnage of solid waste (both
rommercial and household) deposited in Orange County landfills
take forest
0%'
between 1994 — 1999. It also measure the percent of waste diverted
Mile Pad
67%
from landfills (e.. recycled) in 1999 each jurisdiction in Orange
g rtty I g
volts Linda
64%
UPalma
62%
County.
Placentia
59%
P/ertminttar
59%
Why is it Important?
Cypress
58%
The Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989 requires
es cities and
58%
counties in divert 50% of all solid wane by the end of 2000, through
Santa Ana
Garden Grove
57%
55%
source reduction, recycling and composting activities.l Reducing the
Anaheim
50%
amount of waste extends the fife of landfills, decreases the need for
seal Beach
49%
costly alternatives, and has a positive environmental impact.
NewpOn Beach
47%
Stanton
47%
Co nn Mesa
45%
How is O n n
r9g e Coup Doing?.
fountain Valley
45%
The amount of waste generated in the county and disposed in Cowry
San roan Capistrano
45%
landfills in 1999 is still higher than the five -year low of about 2,500,000
Buena Park
44%
tons in 1996, but it decreased by almost 40,000 tool between 1998
Dana man
41%
and 1999.
Nuntington Beach
41%
Ta Nate
41%
Mission Viejo
40%
While the diversion larger is for the year 2000, 1999 figures show
Term
40%
jurisdictions' progress toward meeting the target. Eleven Ormge
San Gemente
39%
County cities met the Target in 1999 and 12 more are within ten
Irvine
37%
percentage points of reaching the target The estim ated statewide
i,aguna Niguel
37%
onon,e
Orange
35%
diversion rate for 1999 was 37 %.
Brea
32%
Los Alamitos
32%
Laguna Beach
22%
I lermci—,..Bich do nut meet do diver ion one wrget on he fined uMo de h-,,
laguna ifift
22%
h—o,, dedeadbnc may be encoded beyond 2000sire many ry.s icu,ns a re ernggiing
Unincorporated
10%
a men de nrgec
tagu. Woods
Not Available
Rancho Santa Mmganta
Not Available
One: Immynud wea ALugmmr &nd (brry: /�svn.umM n pwR
Solid Waste Disposed In Orange County Landfills — 1994 -1999
5.000,000
4.500,000
4.000.000
3.500.000
20a0,0W
2500.000
2.000,000
1.500,000
"OOO,OW
Scum
1994 1995 1996 1997 1938 1999
.4nx. Ierrginrvl114nr Meneyrvmr Gpmvnr, Twrwa�Rnmu. IYW�IYV9
56 ENVIRONMENT
County Has Banner Year With Consistently "Good" And
"Moderate "Air Quality
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures the percent of days per year the air quality in the South Coast Air Basin (which includes Orange, Los Angeles
Add parts of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties) was unhealthful according to the Air Quality Index (formerly the Pollutant
Standards Index) finds 1995 to 1999.
Why is it Imp.rt Ll
Poor air quality can aggravate the symptoms of heart or lung ailmenes and can Huse irritation and illness in the healthy population,
especially active children and adults. While air quality has Meadily improved since the 1970s, Orange County is located in the South
Coast Air Basin, one of the most polluted air basins in the United States.
How is Orange County Doing?
to 1999, for the first time m over 30 years, Orange County experienced no days when air quality was rated as unhealthy, either for
sensitive groups or the general population. Thirty -six percent (36 %) of the days were rated "moderate" and sixty-four percent (64 %)
were rated "good."
Orange ComI coastal location contributes to the county consistently having one of the lowest air pollution levels in the Basin. The
improved air quality throughout the Basin is largely attributable to favorable weather conditions, cleaner vehicles, and better pollution
control equipment and strategies. Despite the gains, the Basin is still a "non- aralnment area " which means it persistently does not meet
federal air quality standards.
Air Quality IrMex
The Air Quality Index (AQI) converts pollutants found in a community's air to a number on a scale from 0 to MR. The number lOD corresponds to
the National Ozone standard establishetl by the Clean Air An. Levels over loo are considered unhealthful.
AQI index NealM Categones
Values
0 -50
Good
51 -101)
Moderate
101 -150
Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
15o -199
Unhealthy
200 -299
Very Unhealthful
Over 300
N rrudisu
Health Cautious for Ozone
None
Unusually sensitive people should consider IimNing prolonged outdoor exertion.
Arrive aduhs and children with respiratory disease, such as asthma, should limit
prolonged Outdoor exertion.
Active adults and children with respiratory disease, such as asthma, should avoid
Outlasted outdoor exertion. All people, especially children, should limit
prolonged outdoor exertion
All people should avoid strenuous outdoor activities (2(10.2)4) or remain indoors (2254.
All people should avoid all outdoor exertion.
.tine: t'.). ---v" Rm..>:... Agemy.'rQrol l"m: Aew,,. Am 0-ur wl'm xue 2- Iemo-.,yvzy ..... ^ ^ °: ✓ +1^^^d/1
Percent of Days with Air Quality Index Values Over 100 in Me
South (Trart AirBUin- 1995 -1999
35%
Sax
2sx - --
20% —
ux
10%
5%
0% _.. .
1995 1996 1997 1990 1999
-= Orange County
Los Angeles county
Riverside County
San Bernadirlo County
U'S aurvvv,�Avr-
.1 ➢mry, AIRSIMq IY ➢t -IYY9
(mmv'ary.lw,/a,rAae /mmeP MVI
ENVIRONMENT 57
Water Supply Can Meet Future Demand, But May Cost More
Description of Indicator Orange County Water Use and Supply- 1990 -2020
This indicator measues Orange County annual water use and supply in ,zaoa00-
acre -feet from 1990 -2000, and projects through 2020.1'.6. measures
the wholesale cost of water from various sources.
Why is it Important'
Orange County has a Varied water supply: about half comes from local
groundwater, and the other half comes from surface water imported
from outside the region. As population increases, demand on this
resource also increases, which may lead to higher water prices and
supply ch.lbar s. a
How is Orange County Doing2
With the increased use of recycled water and improved conservation,
Orange County's supply of watu is expected to meet projected demand.
Howevu, as the cheapest sources of water are increasingly supplement-
ed with more expensive sources, such as recycled and deselwzed water,
water cons an be expected to increase. Conservation remains one of
the cheapen ways to increase overall supply.
In fiscal year 1999 -2000, Orange County residents and businesses used
668,000 acre -feet (218 billion gallons) of water an increase of 28,000
acre -feet from the previous year. From 1990 to 2000, the ram of water
consumption outpaced population increases.
Urban Water Usage and Population Trends - 1990 -2000
6a0.D00-
660.0l
600.000 -.
. 620,000-
' 600.000-
° 580.000-
E
a" seo.000-
s40.000-
320.000-
.. 2,950,000
/ - 2,800,000
- 3.]00.000
- 2.650,000
- 2.600.000 e
- 2550.000 --u�
- 2,500,000
- z,aw,000
- z,40o,aoD
- 1.350,000
— 2,250,000
Aoe-F. ... Trend (Arre4eat)
Population Trend (Population)
58 ENVIRONMENT
1,000.000-
1sa0 zaoD 2010 zoro
C..'ation Mporteel Satiate water
�Other Local Groundwater
Recycled Water
Cost of Water per Arrs -Foot to Wholesaler, by Spurts -2000
S 1,200
1,Ua0
pp
600
400
200
r`r € e
an �� e� do s`a
Nc
Range Average
Snnc. MUmp]W —buns fOn Grn: 01 ry Gory A. -Dunn
(<brtm +D,pr'^,e^, NFirx Ppv4vn Faana
y, e:/ rmemeymFmnrmrn .DEMncS1r /rluu..d.l
Civic Engagement
The indicators measured in this section reveal that despite the fact that Orange County
residents are not highly involved in traditional civic activities, they are pleased with their
overall quality of 'life and feel socially connected. This leads to important
conclusions about civic engagement in Orange County in the 21st century:
• The organizations providing services throughout the county need to make sure
they are operating in ways that will attract the necessary support In both
financial and human resources. The organizational infrastructure created to meet
the n.ad, ofthe aid economy is not always relevant to leaders in the new economy.
• As new constituency groups In the county gain critical mass it will be important to
reach out in new ways to include them. The absence of people whose participation
would be beneficial in various policy- making forums is not necessarily due to lack of
interest; it can just as easily be due to a la ck of relevant process.
• There is a new value and role of time: time is now the most valuable non - renew
able resource for most people and companies. When civic organizations and
activities are restructured around valuing time, then . participation will increase.
• To achieve true civic engagement, the relevance of the issue most be communicated
to desired participants In terms they can understand and via a familiar medium.
Civic Participation
Charitable Organizations
Voter Participation
Community Wellbeing
Most Residents Are Not Involved in Civic Activities But Are
Not Socially Isolated
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures Orange County resides¢' participation in their Commwityk civic life. Specifically this indicator looks at
Community service, membership and participation in community organimtions, volunteer leadership roles, political involvement, and
personal social attachments and perceptions. The data was obtained through a random telephone survey of Orange County residents.
Why is it Important
Nationwide there has been a decline in Americans' direct participation in politics and civic affairs over the last generation.' This
erosion of civic and political engagement Could have detrimental effects can the functioning of our communities, the strength of our
national identity, and our social Connections.
How is Orange County Doing?
Orange Connty residents may not be very involved in civic or Community activities, but they are not socially isolated. Residents polled
stated in the past year they did not participate in a Community project (70 %) or volunteer their time (46 %). While more than half (55 %)
of Orange County residents reported being members of one or more political or social dubs, 64% did not attend a dub meeting in the
past year Religious services are sparsely attended as well, with only 19% attending weekly and 26% never attending. Twenty percent
(20 %) of residents served in a leadership position for a club or local orgaoiration in the pan year. Participation in public meetings is
comparatively high with 42% reporting they had attended a public meeting in the past year while 57% reported they did not. In
Contrast, 65% of residents surveyed agree with the statement, "I spend a lot of time visiting friends." Residents also feet positively about
their neighbors, with 64% reporting they feel most people are honest and 56% stating most people an be trained.
Higher levels of education were related to greater amounts of public activity. Similarly, attendance at public meetings is much more
likely among those with higher incomes. Volunteer work was less common at the lowest levels of income, but similar for incomes
above $36,000.
I Pumam, Robert.
Bowling None The
Collapse and Revival of
American Community,
New York Simon &
Schuster, 2000.
0 CIVIC EMOABEMEMT
In the Pas[ year, Percent of Orange County Residents Who,
80%
70%
Bo%
50%
c00%
30%
20%
Did Volunteer Work
— Worked; on a Dissonantly Prolert
Went to a Cub Meeting
Anerced Religious Service,
...... Emmalned in tee Home
�'�rs�waw
0%
Never Between Ohre More Than Once Once Week
erear cane Month but
0. a MwnM1 Lee Than once
a Week
.4m: Gq'm+v AUre Uonmi� FW C—JP" lay MGvgr C.- R— C.vnl
More Than
once a Week
Most Nonprofits Created in '80s; Organizations Per Capita
Varies by City
Orange County Religious, Educational, Charitable
Organizations Reporting Over $55,009 in Inrome in
1997 by Utegory
0 HUmBn Services Am. Culture, aal Humanities
■Education Environment anal Animals
■Public, Societal Benefit ■ Other: Membership Benefit,
HHwlth Foreign Affairs, Unknown
■Religion Related
S+em:CmvfnMwl je ,iviv R.wrF,Gdfew FUrc Una.ti�,
FvYmw. ReWrpyu Swry prrgeGSp (ilyew -IYYf
Number of Religious. Educational,
and Charitable Organizations per
1,000 Fepuladnn, by
City - 1997
Number
Highest Ratio
Per 1,000
im, Alamitos
240
taguna Beach
2,08
New000 Beach
1.94
Villa Park
1.86
Irvine
1A1
Low. Ni
take Forest
038
Buena Park
032
Westminem,
0.22
Unincorpaaoed
0.19
Stamon
0.18
Coon,wiEe
0.61
Smn lixm' /m'WnprnN Sarn Ruurd�, Ld(/,nw {Lea Vgemg, gpny,
Tdd<minyu p'mx, in IMnR, Criunrr. GGYnni +- /oY] Em�inGgrM
t4AYOViNO. ryrvu�,/yRmmi�NU /m
Description of budiestor
This indicator measures the number of religious, educational, and
Charitable organizations in Orange County, including the percent
reporting over $25,000 in income, by service category Also
measured is the number oforgardzations per 1,000 population in the
10 cities with the highest and lowest rates. All data reflect 1997 tax
remms.
Why u it hnpormnd
Nonprofit, charitable organiniticam play an important role in filling
the gap between government programs and local needs. A strong
nonprofit sector is critical for a healthy and stable community.
How is Orange County Doing?
As of 1997, Orange County had 5,595 religious, educational, and
Charitable organizations, 29% of which reported ova $25,000 in
gross receipts. Of that 29 %, over ..-quarter provide "human sa-
Vices" such As legal, employment, housing, or youth development
servires. Countywide, there were 0.61 nonprofit organiomolls pa
1,000 population, with variation among titin. Orange County
reached its peak in nonprofit development in the 1980's and then
declined in the 1990', Fully 34.9% of Orange County's nonprofits
were established in the 80k compared to 22.1% in the 90's.
CIVIC ENGAGEMENT 61
Turnout Increased From Last Presidential Election But Still Lower
Than 20 -Year Average
Description of Indintor
This indicator measures voter participation among the voting age pop-
ulation and among registered voters for presidential elections
from 1980 to 2000. Orange County is compared to California and
the nation.
Why is it Importan8
Voter participation measures civic interest and the pubhck optimism
regarding their impact on derision- maLing. A nigh level of citizen
involvement improves the accountability of government and the level of
support for Community programs.
How is Orange County Doing?.
Voter turnout among registered voters was up four percentage points
from 1996, but down from the 1980 -1992 average of 78 %. Voter
turnout among the entire voting age population was on a downward
Trend in Orange Countyuntil 2000 when overall turnout rose ro 48.3 %.
Compared to California and the nation, Orange County's Turnout rate
roughly mirrors the nation, and consistently remains above the state
raw.
53%
ssx
sax
ux
sou
a6z
aax
azx
aox
62 CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
Orange County Presitlenne EleCtion Turnout Among
Registered Vottrs - 1980-2000
osw
60%
95%
rox
65%
60%
55%
50%
1960 1991 198e 199E 1996 2000
Orange County Presitlentiat Election Turnout Among the Voting Age Population
1980.216818
1960 I 1968
•Orange County ■California
""trimly
lets 19% 3000'
Unitetl sm.
Swnn: Cmmrnv/nr Mr 4Wro/rA.immmnGmiv . rWim+Ue "Ixxr, 6+mrRwm,V T Uf Mrdmh
Fwr IY96 Nnm]vb S/M/ ( U, NZxIre.+wmmA:weh�:WNll.lr]f.] -I LSYIF'JXIL.va)
(mmm nn- eu ngvimrmr ajFriuurs. lrmmBnfUrr Rem.B[im+, RaNEA+v PrymLrm rid .18'/'S°nrs°i119 ]LLa(Ha,
.Axfv BxJKFM1](/nUlrlfi HAP //tart Fm)
US FdmI FJ.rrwr Cmw/mm h�mr.lu,8ao)
gitae cw.o N.M„m, d rmrr,. l+m:..ee' .tin roms.. m.xxNamw/4ukzOry meiu p«t
p., furor. rri. erm.,.. �„ rx�zrxu�* � ,r..mwr..Rnnxurinnmam.rM,m.lwwi
Residents Pleased With Quality of Life
Description of Indicator
This indicator measures residents' perception of wellbeing and quality of life in Orange County from 1990 to 2000. Dam for this
indicator represents Orange County residence' response to one of 61 telephone survey questions relating to social, economic and
political trends and perceptions.
Why is it Important?
perception of wellbeing reflects individuals' level of satisfaction with home, work, leisure and finances, and, when mken in
aggregate, reflects residenut' overall satisfaction with life in Orange County.
How is Orange County Doing)
To the question: "Thinling about the quality of fife in Orange County, how do you think things are going — very well, somewhat
well, somewhat badly, or very badly ?," 91% of Orange County residents replied things are going well. Thirty -eight percent (38 %)
of the 91 % felt things were going "very well." Non - Hispanic whites are more likely To say things are going "very well" (43 %) than
are Latinos (21 %). Those earring $80,000 or more are mucb more positive than those earring less than $36,000 (53% versus 26 %).
And the number saying things are going "very well" is higher in the South County (49 %) than the North (34 %).
Pamaut of Orange County Residents Indimong "Things Are Going Well" . 1990-2000
IW%
a%
1990 1991 1992 1993 199V 1995 1996 197 1998 19% 2000
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CIVIC ENGAGEMENT 63
)8%
6a%
_.•
_. _._a'
__..__
50%
a%
1990 1991 1992 1993 199V 1995 1996 197 1998 19% 2000
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CIVIC ENGAGEMENT 63
The Community Indicators Project Team Would Like to Extend our
Gratitude to the Representatives of the Following Agencies for the
Data and Expertise They Provided to the Project:
California Department of Edundon
Glifa Integrated Waste Management B..d/W..Line &
Office of Loaf Aaai .ce
California Sum University, Fullerton
Capntuno-1 gaa Beach Regional Occupational Program
Center. for Collaboration for Children at Califmrua Sure
University, Fullerton
Crater for Demographic Research at Clufomia Sum Uruvasity,
Full.
Comm for Public Policy at California Sure University, Follerto.
Corm for the Study of Emerging Makers a, California Sum
University, Pat.
Co ml Regional Oa patioal Program
Chapman University
Casdime Regional Oc,t're ml Program
County of Orange H.Ith Care Agenry /Communicable Disnx
Cveaul and Epidemiology
Cowry of Orange Health Care Agency/E.rironmenul Health
County of Orange Health Care Agency/Public Health
Cowry of Orange Integrated Waste Management Department
County, of Orange Planning and Development Services Divisive
County of Oaange Public Facilities and Resomc.
Depar ment/Flarbon, Beaches and Parks
Co., of Orange Regina r of Voters
Co., of Orange Sheriff -Crone, Department
Comm, of Oawge Soda) Service Agenry/Cluldre. and Family
Send...
Cowry of Orange Social Services Agenry/Family Self - Sufficiency
Gollob and Aoociaw
Irvine Uni6d School Dimi.
Mmicipal Water District: of Orange Cwry
North Orange Cwry Regional Occupational Program
Office of die Orange Cwry Due. Amorney
Orange Cwry Affordable H meowne. Alliance
Orange Cwry Annual Survey
Orange Cwry Child Care tend Develop.., Planning Cwdl
Orange Cwry Department of Edur.n.
Orange Cwry Executive Survey
O.qe Cowry Health Nerds Asse.me ,
Orange Cowry Tourism Commit
Orange Cwry Tnnspmradw Authority
Orange Quarry Water Dumi n
Orangewood's Children Foundation
PKF Conatidng
South Cat Afr Quality Maagoun, District
Surfrider Foundation
UNtd Way of Orange Cwry,
University of Czlufa, Irvine
Additional Data Sources
Ab,cdarun Project
Annual Report on the Condidou of Children in Orange Cowry
GBfcr is Child Care Roane. and Refeml Nerwmk
CzBf.nua Department dFinance
Cabfomb Department of H.1d, Services
California Department ofJusdcc
California Department of Social SuvicNCmmnrury Care
Lice, drag
California Division of Tourism
Gfifomu Employment, Development Department
Crater for Health and Public Polity Studies at University of
GIif rnia, Berkeley
Center for Health Policy Research at Utuverairy of Calfomia, L.
Angeles
Center for Nonprofit Sector Research at California State
University, Fullerton
Center for Socal Service Research ter University of Califoram,
Berkeley
Chuldre.'s Hume Soday of California
CIC R.emth, lac.
Commiaee for the Study of the A uri an Elmmnre
Dun & Badama
Entrepreneur Magavne
Federal Threat Authority
Housing and Urban Development
Lague of Women Voters
Milken Inatiate
Ndond Pounded.. of C unties
National Assodadon of Home Builders
National Aoudation of Relmra
Nadwal Co. for Education Soded.
Nador d Low Income Housing Gulidon
Noah Groh. Sure Board of Educative
Office f the Celifomia Attorney General
Orange County Area Agency ve Aging
Pricewaterhoose Coopers, LLC
Rnl Ettate Research Council of Somlam, Califonua
Sarbomugh Research
Soutoem California Assodauo. of Govemmmu
T Education Agency
The Meyers Group
United Sates Bwnu of Economic Analyus
United S.t. Bureau of Labor Sradwa
Unhod Smt, Cmsu Shirai
United Suter Department of Co.., Office of Trade and
E numrc Aaulysa
United Suter Deparmar. of Health and H.. Services
United Sores Environme.al Protective Agency
United Sat. Federal Election Commune
United So. Pam., Office
United Sot. Subsonce Abue and Mental Health SeMkea
Adminumadmn
Spend ]beak, m:
Steve PonT ll of the La Jolla Inatome for authoring roe
analysia Provided on ads section dale page
Ray Sc aidler of Raymond An Deng. for d.ugn and
layout of the report,
Orange County Community Indicators 2001 Project Team
Michael Rune, Project Director
Lia Burke, Burke Consulting
Kati Parsons, Parson faulting
Wallace Walyd, Orange County Business Council
The Orange County Community Indicators Project is sponsored by:
A
Csgt��C
ORAMSECO NTY
BUSINESS COUNCIL
Swag Families,
H—Idy Cmm dm
CH RFN AND
FAMQgS COMMISSION
OF ORANGE COUNTY