HomeMy WebLinkAboutCC AG PKT 2008-05-12 #J
AGENDA STAFF REPORT
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DATE:
TO:
May 12, 2008
Honorable Mayor and City Council
THRU:
FROM:
David Carmany I City Manager
Jeff Kirkpatrick, Chief of Police
SUBJECT: 2007 -2008 Orange County Grand Jury Report:
"Paradise Lost - If a Tsunami Strikes the Orange
County Riviera..."
Mayor and City Council Response to the Grand Jury
Report, Pursuant California Penal Code 1933 and
1933.05
SUMMARY OF REQUEST:
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Formal written responses from the Mayor and from the City Council, as required
by law, to the 2007-2008 Orange County Grand Jury Report: "Paradise Lost - If
a Tsunami Strikes the Orange County Riviera..."
BACKGROUND:
The Southern California coastline weathered a tsunami warning on June 14,
2005. The City of Seal Beach, as well as all other Orange County coastal cities
were effected by the warning. Fortunately, the warning brought no real threat.
However, it did bring a reawakening by the coastal communities as to their
vulnerabilities and levels of preparedness. The 2007-2008 Orange County
Grand Jury elected to study the level of readiness achieved by the coastal
communities and compiled a report with..their findings and recommendations.
Seal Beach has undertaken a number of initiatives to increase its disaster
preparedness.
California Penal Code sections ~933 and ~933.05 compel formal written
responses by the Mayor individually, and the City Council as a whole, to the
Presiding Judge of the Superior Court, within 90 days of the report's release to
the public. The Grand Jury released the report to the public on April 14, 2008.
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The responses comment upon the Grand Jury's findings and recommendations.
They further comment on the City's current preparedness and outline its efforts to
date.
Agenda Item ,J
FINANCIAL IMPACT:
None.
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RECOMMENDATION:
Staff recommends the Mayor and City Council receive and file the attached
2007 -2008 Orange County Grand Jury Report: "Paradise Lost - If a Tsunami
Strikes the Orange County Riviera... /I
Staff has prepared a written response for the Mayor's signature and a similar
written response for the entire City Council's signature. Staff recommends the
Mayor and City Council evaluate the written responses and if they approve, affix
their signatures to an original copy for submission to the Presiding Judge of the
Superior Court, Nancy Wieben-Stock.
NOTED AND APPROVED:
(!5r,;,l ~
David carmanYJ~ity Manager
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Attachments:
A. Grand Jury Report
B. Penal Code Sections 933, 933.05
C. Mayors formal response
D. City Council's formal response
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ORANGE COUNTY GRAND JURY
700 CIVIC CENTER DRIVE WEST- SANTA ANA, CALIFORNIA 92701 - 714/834-3320
FAX 714/834-5555
April 8, 2008
Charles Antos, Mayor
City of Seal Beach
211 8th Street
Seal Beach, CA 90740
Dear Mayor Antos:
Enclosed is a copy of the 2007-2008 Orange County Grand Jury report, "PARADISE LOST: H a Tsunami
Strikes the Orange County Riviera..." Pmsuant to Penal Code 933.05(f), a copy of the report is being provided
to you at least two working days prior to its public release. Please note that, "No officer, agency, department, or
governing body of a public agency shall disclose any contents of the report prior to the public release of the final
report." (Emphasis added.) It is required that you provide a. response to each of the findings and recommendations
of this report directed to your office in compliance with Penal Code 933.05(a) and (b), copy attached.
For each Grand Jury recommendation accepted and not implemented, provide a schedule for future
implementation. In addition, by the end of March of each subsequent year, please report on the progress being
made on each recommendation accepted but not completed. These annual reports should continue until all
recommendations are implemented.
It is requested that the response to the recommendations be mailed to Nancy Wieben Stock, Presiding Judge
of the Superior Court, 700 Civic Center Drive West, Santa Ana, CA 92701, with a separate copy and an
electronic format (PDF on CD preferred) mailed to the Orange County Grand Jury, 700 Civic Center Drive
West, Santa Ana, CA 92701, no later than 90 days after the public release date, April 14, 2008, in compliance
with Penal Code 933, copy attached. The due date then is July 14, 2008.
Should additional time for responding to this report be necessary for further analysis, Penal Code 933.05(b)(3)
permits an extension of time up to six months from the public release date. Such extensions should be advised in
writing, with the information required in Penal Code 933.05(b)(3), to the Presiding Judge of the Superior Court,
with a separate copy of the request to the Grand Jury.
We tentatively plan to issue the public release on April 14. Upon public release, the report will be available on the
Grand Jury web site (www.oc2l'andiwy.oreS. .-
AAA:dv
cc: David N. Carmany, City Manager
Enclosures'
Grand Jury Report
Penal Code 933, 933.05
PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami Strikes the Orange County Riviera. . .
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SUMMARY
Someday in the lifetime oftoday's toddlers building sandcastles on the beach, a tsunami
may strike Orange County's 42-mile coastline, causing property damage and loss of life.
In the worst-case scenario envisioned by the county's emergency managers, a 32-foot
high wall of water would storm across the sand and slam into densely populated beach
communities. Its force could destroy buildings and turn cars and debris into dangerous
projectiles. Surging and receding waves could wash out roads and bridges, and even cut
new channels to the sea. Many lives may be lost, most due to drowning, with children
and the elderly being the most vulnerable.
The 2007-2008 Orange County Grand Jury investigated the county's readiness for a
tsunami. It concluded that beach communities here-thanks to
the cities' emergency managers--are probably better prepared
for a tsunami than communities along any other comparable
s1retch of California coastline. Their planning has resulted in
new tsunami signs, inundation maps and public education.
Sign in Seal Beach
The Grand Jury found that these commendable efforts still fall
short of what is required to adequately inform the public-
especially tourists--of a tsunami hazard and how to respond.
Existing signs are small, difficult to read from passing cars and
may go unnoticed. Inundation maps are inconsistent from
agency to agency. Public education largely overlooks visitors
who, on summer days at the beach, may oumumber residents.
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To reduce potential casualties sustained in a rare but dangerous tsunami, the Grand Jury
recommends better signage and warning systems-and relentless public education for
both residents and visitors.
REASON FOR INVESTIGATION
On December 26, 2004, in possibly the worst natural disaster of the modern era, a
magnitude 9.3 earthquake off Sumatra unleashed a tsunami that killed more than 200,000
persons around the Indian Ocean. On June i4,2005, following a 7.2 earthquake off
Northern California, a tsunami warning was issued for the California coast including
Orange County. The result was mass confusion. Some residents, heeding a televised
warning to evacuate, were trapped in traffic congestion. The warning was soon cancelled
and the small tsunami came ashore unnoticed. 'This tiny tsunami, reported the Associated
Press, "exposed just how unprepared the region was to the threat."
The Grand Jury wanted to know: Is Orange County ready for a tsunami?
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CONFIDENTIAL
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METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
The Grand Jury searched.the internet websites of news publications, professional
journals, and those institutions and government agencies studying tsunamis. Grand
Jurors visited each of the county's coastal communities and conducted face-to-face
interviews with emergency management staff. Tsunami emergency plans for the county
and four of the six beach cities were reviewed. Two lectures on tsunamis and one on
earthquakes were attended as was an American Red Cross disaster preparedness
academy.
BACKGROUND AND FACTS
A tsunami is a series of large waves generated by an underwater earthquake or landslide,
volcano emption or meteor strike.
Once unleashed, tsunami waves travel across the ocean at 450 to 600 miles per hour.
Spread out, they may pass unnoticed beneath ships at sea. Nearing the coast, the waves
slow and begin to pile up. By the time they hit land, tsunami waves can reach great
heights-the 1883 emption of Indonesia's Krakatoa Volcano caused a 130-foot high
tsunami-and strike with deadly force at 30 to 40 miles per hour, faster than victims can
run. These waves can knock down buildings, turn cars and debris into battering-rams and
run up bays and rivers to inundate inland areas. Tsunamis have carried ships and barges
as far as a mile inland. In harbors, tsunamis cause destructive sloshing that can last for
hours-tsunami is Japanese for harbor wave. The surge and withdrawal of succeeding
waves can undermine roads, foundations and even cut new channels to the sea. Waves
just waist high can knock adults off their feet and sweep them away.
Tsunamis are unpredictable. They may announce their approach by drawing water out to
sea before rising up and striking the beach. Or, they may surge onshore without warning.
Most tsunamis are associated with large underwater earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.5
or greater, though a smaUer earthquake could trigger a submarine landslide to cause a
tsunami. To generate a tsunami, an earthquake must violently lift or drop the sea floor
and displace huge amounts of seawater to send a tsunami radiating out like ripples in a
pond.
The National Weather Service operates a system of buoys throughout the Pacific Ocean
that detects tsunamis as they cross the ocean. Launched in 1946 after an Alaskan
earthquake spawned a tsunami that killed dozens in Hawaii and Northern California, this
system now consists of 110 buoys, with nine installed in the last decade that transmit
real-time sea-level data. Once a tsunami is detected, the National Weather Service's
Alaska Tsunami Warning Center will issue warnings to the West Coast
The amount of warning time given to coastal populations depends on where the tsunami
originates. A "distant tsunami" generated across the Pacific Ocean would allow several
hours warning. But a "regional tsunami" generated in mid-ocean may permit only 30 to
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60 minutes warning. A '"local tsunami" generated off the California coast could strike the
shore in minutes, with possibly the only warning being a violent shaking of the ground.
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It is this locally-generated tsunami that causes the greatest concern.
The Sleeping Danger OtIshore
"Natural hazards that are less frequent tend to be ignored"
-USC Professor Costas Synolakis
State agencies estimate that Orange County is at "moderate" risk ofa tsunami.' In 1855,
two large waves surged up San Juan Creek. In 1877, an earthquake in Chile sent a three-
foot high wave into Anaheim Bay in Seal Beach. In 1934, Newport Beach reported a
wave 9.8-feet high that injured four persons, destroyed several cottages on Balboa
Peninsula and washed away pavement, isolating some residents. In 1964, a tsunami
caused by a 9.3 earthquake in Alaska sent a four- to five-foot high surge into Anaheim
Bay-Huntington Harbour.
Recently, scientists at the University of Southern. California's Tsunami Research Center
have found geologic evidence that large tsunamis have struck Southern California's coast
in the prehistoric past2 Moreover, they concluded Orange County's offshore geology
could trigger tsunamis at any time.
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The continental shelf off Orange County mirrors the
land above with underwater mountains, deep canyons,
earthquake faults and unstable landslide areas. Newly
discovered thrust faults and even some strike-slip faults
could violently lift the seafloor to trigger a tsunami.
Thrust faults do so by pushing one side of the fault up
over the other. With strike-slip faults, one side slides Sign at Ba/boa Pier. Newport Beach
past the other to cause violent shaking but usually no
tsunami. But bends in a s1rike-slip fault that lock the fault in place could lift the seafloor
when broken by an earthquake. USC researchers believe that uplifting at restraining
bends created Catalina Island and the Palos Verdes Peninsula.3 They are concerned that a
restraining bend on an SO-mile section of a fault along the western side of Catalina Island
could produce a magnitude 7.6 earthquake and send a six-foot high tsunami crashing
onshore in minutes.
I "Local Planning Guidance on Tsunami Response," Governor's Office of Emergency Services
2 Lecture by geologist Mark Legg, Ph.D., on "Tsunami: Hazards from Slip-Sbike Faults & the South Coast
Thrust" to the Anaheim Community Emergency Response Team meeting at the Anaheim Emergency
Operations Center, October 9,2007. His talk was based on his own research and the report in the following
footnote.
3 "Evaluation of Tsunami Risk to Southern California Coastal Cities," by Mark R. Legg. Jose C. Borrero
and Costas E. Synolakis, 2002 NEHRP Professional Fellowship Report, January 2003.
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Deep canyons off Orange County are prone to landslides like those onshore. These
landslides also could send a tsunami toward the coast. Recent offshore mapping,
according to the professional journal Civil Engineering, found that a potential landslide
site off Palos Verdes Peninsula could send a 15 to 60 foot wave ashore in less than a
minute with a devastating impact on structures and the economy.4
The Orange County Sheriff Department's Emergency Management Bureau, which
supports and helps coordinate local disaster planning by the cities, cited a probability
study in its tsunami response plan on the likelihood of a tsunami s1riking the coast. This
study found that Orange County can expect a four- to nine-foot high tsunami every 100
years and a seven- to 16-foot high wave every 500 years.
Consulting with scientists and citing field studies and. inundation maps, the Sheriff
Department arrived at its worst-case scenario: a tsunami wave 10 meters or 32.81 feet
high. 5
The Tsunami Threat in Perspective
"Low probability, high consequence"
-One emergency manager's tsunami mantra
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Scientists make a distinction between tsunami risk and exposure. The risk: of a tsunami
striking the Orange County coast is low to moderate. But the county's exposure to
possible death and destruction from a significant tsunami is enormous.
Thousands of residents now live in densely populated coastal areas wlnerable to a
tsunami. The low-lying beach cities from Newport Harbor to Seal Beach lie partially on
the deltas of rivers long-ago channeled and contained. From Corona del Mar in Newport
Beach south to San Clemente, the exposure is limited due to their high coastal cliffs,
although all of these cities have some small areas wlnerable to a tsunami.
In addition to permanent residents, this Riviera-like paradise attracts tourists from around
the world. These visitors are both a burden on public services and a benefit to the
economies of these beach cities. The Sheriff Department estimates that visitors on warm.
summer days can swell the county's coastal population by as many as 500,000.
The damage from an offshore earthquake may obstruct exit routes, thus compounding the
hazard posed by the subsequent tsunami. The earth's shaking and possible liquefaction-
when the sandy soil becomes soft mud and buildings sink into it-may bring down
4 "Could It Happen Here?" by Jose BOITero, Sungbin Cho, James E. Moore II, Harry W. Richardson, and
Costas Synolakis, Civil Engineering, April 2005
5 "County of Orange Operational Area Emergency Plan," Orange County SheriffDepartmentlEmergency
Management Bureau, January 2004, and "Orange County Operational Area: Tsunami Planning Efforts,
Tsunami Plan Annex, 2006 Tsunami Exercise, Tl!unamiReady$ Program," Orange County Sheriff
Department's Emergency Bureau, July 26,2007.
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buildings, bridges, 1rees, power lines and poles, thus blocking evacuation routes. Power
failures may knock out traffic signals, and broken gas lines may result in fires. Those
seeking to escape the tsunami by driving away could :find themselves trapped in their cars
and exposed to oncoming waves. Several emergency management staffers advised that
the best and safest way to escape a tsunami is on foot
A tsunami disaster would have other devastating and possibly
long-lasting impacts. Rebuilding homes, roads and bridges
could take months. Critical infrastructure such as sewage
treatment plants and distribution systems for water, electricity
and natural gas could be out of service for weeks. A key
component of the coastal economy-tourism-may take years
to bounce back. A tsunami disaster would impact not just the
coast but inland cities which may see their own services
disrupted as they receive evacuees from the coast and send
mutual aid. . Sign on PCH, Laguna Beach
It is the sobering responsibility of Orange County's emergency managers to be prepared
for a tsunami. .
The O.C. Gets TsunamiReady@
After the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami disaster, emergency managers along Orange
County's coast began meeting to establish a more effective and coordinated response to a
tsunami emergency. This effort received even greater urgency when the June 2005
tsunami warning resulted in confusion, miscommunication and, according to the group's
minutes, "led to misinformed decisions...6
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Early on, these emergency managers established as their objectives: 1) coordinating their
tsunami planning; 2) preparing more effective tsunami plans for each jurisdiction; 3)
developing standardized public education campaigns and messages~ and 4) conducting a
coordinated, countywide tsunami exercise.
They established as a common goal to have the entire 42-mile Orange County coast
designated as TsunamiReady@bytheNational Weather Service (NWS). The NWS
criteria for that designation requires these agencies to have: I) multiple ways of receiving
NWS tsunami warnings; 2) more than one way to pass these warnings on to the public; 3)
public education to promote community readiness, and 4) a formal tsunami plan.
lfthe TsunamiReadyQP designation is any indication, Orange County's emergency
managers have largely accomplished this mission. Of the eight California cities so
designated, five are in Orange County: Seal Beach, Huntington Beach, Newport Beach,
6 Source: Agendas and Minutes of Meetings of the Tsunami Planning Sub Committee of the Orange
County Emergency Management Organization, cited in "Orange County Operational Area Tsunami Plan
Annex, 2006 Tsunami Exercise, TsunamiReady@ Program, Orange County Sheriff Department's
Emergency Management Bureau.
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Dana Point and San Clemente. The County of Orange is the only California county
designated as TsunamiReady@.7
Even so, a tsunami generated just off the California coast will give emergency
management staff little time to warn and assist the public in evacuating wlnerable beach
communities.
Countywide Tsunami Exercise
On May 4, 2006, emergency planners conducted a countywide disaster exercise
coordinated at the Sheriff Department's Emergency Operations Center at Lama Ridge.
The exercise assumed a 9.0 Alaska earthquake generated a tsunami that would strike the
West Coast five hours later with five- to ten-foot high waves. The exercise focused on
testing communication and coordination between 13 county departments, 26 cities, 13
school dis1ricts, 11 other local agencies, three state and two federal agencies, the Red
Cross and ham radio operators. Emergency management staff interviewed by the Grand
Jury said the exercise was a remarkable success.
Infmmation about tsunamis
is now included with
information distributed
coastal communities on
how to respond to potential
disasters, such as floods, wildfires and
earthquakes. These efforts are largely
directed toward permanent residents,
not visitors who on wann summer days
may outnumber residents at the beach.
Public Education
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The importance of public education was emphasized in a 2005 report by
the California Commission on Seismic Safety. "Californians are not
adequately educated about tsunamis and the risk they pose," it said;
"consequently, many are unaware how to respond to natural or official
tsunami warnings."
~aPomtR~gerowrk(agn~
It appeared to the Grand Jury that beach cities make only a minimal effort to inform
visitors about the tsunami hazard, primarily through signage. As a result, these visitors
may be the least prepared and the most wlnerable to a tsunami. Yet, in the event of a
tsunami disaster, these cities will be responsible for the evacuation and rescue of visitors.
Mapping the Tsunami Hazard Zone
7 "Tsunami Ready Communities," www.tsunamireadv.noaa.govlts-communities.htm
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Valuable tools in preparing for the big waves are maps of the tsunami hazard zone,
known as run-up or inundation maps. They are based upon the characteristics of the local
topography and an estimate of areas that would be inundated by the worst-case scenario,
a 32-foot high wave.
The Grand Jury found that maps used by the Sheriff Department's Emergency
Management Bureau are dramatically inconsistent with those used by the cities of
Huntington Beach and Newport Beach and appear to minimize the threat. Its map for
Huntington Beach shows a tsunami hazard zone limited to a narrow strip on the beach
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=:=.::~-=-....,. ~
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The cities of Huntington Beach (left) and Newport BetJCh have developed maps showing the possible extent
ofi1lUndation by a worst-case 32-foot high tsunami.' State maps used by the Sheriff Department's
Emergency Management Bureau t show a dramatically smaller impact zone.
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side of Pacific Coast Highway. The City of Huntington Beach's run-up map shows the
hazard zone extending more than 2.5 miles inland in places. Emergency managers there
estimate that 75 percent of the city lies at an elevation of25 feet or less. Similarly, the
Sheriff Department's map for Newport Beach shows a tsunami hazard zone following a
narrow strip ~ong the beach and including most but not all of the Balboa Peninsula. The
City of Newport Beach's tsunami map shows the hazard zone covering the entire
Newport Harbor area including the Upper Bay. The Sheriff Department responded that
its maps are based upon those produced by the State of California Office of Emergency
Services. Both sets of maps were produced by eminent scientists but both rely upon
different assumptions.
For emergency management staff to effectively coordinate their responses before, during
and after a tsunami disaster, they need to work from the same scientifically accurate
maps. Failure to do so could lead to confusion and decisions based on misinformation
which may unnecessarily jeopardize lives. An effective response to a tsunami requires
coordinated maps using common assumptions and a consistent appearance for the
county's entire coast
I~ource: Websites for the cities of Huntington Beach and Newport Beach.
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Signage
Over the past year, new tsunami warning signs began appearing at the beach and along
roadways in all Orange County coastal communities. The Grand Jury believes the
placement of these signs in the tsunami hazard zones represents a bold, significant and
laudable step in public education for residents and visitors alike. In at least one city,
emergency planners met with chamber of commerce officials to address concerns about
the effect of the tsunami signs on tourism and property values.
For purposes of consistency and public recognition, the California Department of
Transportation-Caltrans--requires that all cities use the same tsunami sign images. The
four types of tsunami signs authorized for use on California streets and highways read:
. "Entering/Leaving Tsunami Hazard Zone" '
. "Tsunami Hazard Zone-In Case of an Earthquake, Go to High Ground or Inland"
. "Tsunami Evacuation Route" with or without arrows
. "Evacuation Site" with an image of people on high ground above a wave
The Grand Jury observed that only two cities, Seal Beach and Dana Point, utilized
"Entering" signs, with most using the "Hazard Zone" and "Evacuation Route" signs.
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-t Santa Ana
La n 9 Be a c h\i.
Laguna Beach 1f
Most roadside tsunami warning signs ore small and difficult to read. These signs, from left, are in Seal
Beach, Huntington Beach and Newport Beach.
The Grand Jury found the signs on roadways to be small and difficult to read and noted a
great variation from city to city in their numbers, locations and orientation. Letters on the
tsunami hazard signs are a fraction of the sm;'ofthose on "Tourist Info," ''Electric
Vehicle Charging Station" and other common signs. Caltrans allows cities to use three
different sizes of signs: small, medium and large. Large signs are twice the size of the
small ones. Almost every Orange County coastal city chose to use the smallest signs, at
least initially. No city uses the largest, most visible and legtDle signs.
The number of signs posted by Orange County's beach communities varies greatly from
city to city and appears to bear no relationship to the length of coastline within their
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boundaries. To some extent, this may be due to topography such as coastal bluffs.
Following is a comparison of the length of coastline within each city (including state
beaches) and the number of tsunami signs posted in those cities:
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City
Seal Beach
Sunset Beach (County)
Huntington Beach
Newport Beach
Laguna Beach
Dana Point
San Clemente
Miles of
Coastline
2.0
1.3
8.5
6.0
7.0
6.0
5.5
Number of
SiJmS in City . /
66 33/r? 't.e
29 ,;L '-
122 1'1.3
61 10. ,
6 rf
42 7
33 ~
The Grand Jury also noticed differences in the location and orientation of tsunami signs
from city to city. . Newport Beach, for example, has no tsunami signs on Pacific Coast
Highway (pCH), the county's primary traffic corridor along the coast, while Huntington
Beach has 21 tsunami signs on PCH. The orientation of tsunami street signage also
reflects markedly different emphases. Visitors driving into Seal Beach, Huntington
Beach and Dana Point, for example, will see tsunami signs as they enter the coastal
tsunami hazard zone. Tsunami street signage in Newport Beach, primarily evacuation
route signs, are directed toward vehicles leaving the city, with none directed at in-bound
traffic. Due to these signage problems, visitors in some beach cities may be unaware that
they have entered a tsunami hazard zone.
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Indeed, the number of tsunami signs, as well as their location and orientation, could be
interpreted as an indication of that city's level of commitment to informing visitors of the
tsunami hazard.
Warning the Public
To obtain the TsunamiReady@ designation, cities must have multiple ways of alerting the
public to a tsunami warning. Most Orange County cities rely on issuing these warnings
through radio and television, automated telephone calling systems, loudspeakers on
police and fire emergency vehicles including helicopters, on lifeguard vehicles and at
lifeguard stations, and in some cases through sirens on poles or structures.
In the case of sirens, the Grand Jury questioned their value if people at the beach-
particularly non-resident visitors-do not know what the sirens mean. In two beach cities
near San Onofre Nuclear Power Station, San Clemente and Dana Point, this is not a
problem. For years they have had sirens in case of a nuclear accident and have educated
residents to turn on a radio or television for an emergency message upon hearing the
sirens. In addition, their sirens have voice public address capability so that verbal
instructions can be broadcast to initiate an evacuation. Such is not the case in two other
cities that are upgrading or purchasing b.each area sirens. Huntington Beach has four
sirens in beach areas while Newport Beach plans to install three or four sirens at its
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beaches. These sirens lack public address capability, although lifeguards have a public
address system on the Huntington Beach pier that can be heard a half mile away. Upon
hearing the sirens, residents and visitors there are expected to mow to tune their radios to
the county's primary emergency alert station, 107.9 FM. Failure to inform beach visitors
what the sirens mean could lead to confusion or cause the warning to be ignored.
It is important to note the difference between a '~unami watch" and a "tsunami .
warning." A ''watch'' indicates that a tsunami may occur and that people should get
ready to leave. A ''warning'' indicates that a tsunami has been detected and threatened
areas should evacuate immediately. If an offshore earthquake has the potential to send a
tsunami crashing ashore in two hours or less, the National Weather Service will issue a
warning as a precaution.
Evacuations
Once a tsunami warning is confirmed, all Orange County beach cities plan to order
evacuations of their tsunami hazard zones.
Sign in Dana Point
A distant tsunami would give local authorities several
hours to warn the public, organize evacuations and even
set traffic signals to green lights for departing traffic.
Given sufficient time, Huntington Beach and Newport
Beach will bring in public transit buses to pick
up evacuees at pre-selected pick-up points and take them
to evacuation sites on high ground. Emergency
management staff in the low-lying, densely populated
north coast believe they can evacuate their at-risk
populations in three to five hours. Evacuation in south
coast cities will be comparatively quick and easy with
small populations at risk and short escape routes to high
ground.
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A regional tsunami with 30 to 60 minutes notice allows time to issue an official warning
to the public, but an organized evacuation might not be possible. In fact, most cities plan
to order their police, fire and lifeguard personnel out of the hazard zone for their own
safety 30 to 60 minutes prior to the tsunami's predicted impact. Police helicopters,
however, will continue broadcasting warnings and instructions above the beach
throughout the emergency.
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A locally generated tsunami that could hit the coast within minutes. might not even allow
time to issue an official warning. In this case, the Sheriff Department's tsunami plan
states, uLocal populations at risk should be able to recognize the signs of impending
tsunami hazards, such as strong, prolonged ground shaking, and seek higher ground."
The survival of coastal residents and visitors will depend on the level of information
provided to them through targeted public education as well as their own individual
preparation.
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Most emergency managers recommend that residents avoid the use of cars and go to high
ground on foot. The American Red Cross recommends that people fleeing a tsunami
should try to get "100 feet above sea level or two miles inland...on foot within IS
minutes.,t9 Using bicycles or motorbikes were other possibilities mentioned to avoid
traffic congestion and road blocks. If there is not enough time to leave the threatened
area, emergency managers recommend ''vertical evacuation;" i.e., go up at least three
floors in a tall, sturdy building, preferably one constructed of reinforced concrete. AP. a
last resort, says an official U.S. government document, "climb up a strong tree."IO
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Some question the wisdom of ordering a mass evacuation based upon the worst-case
scenario every time a tsunami warning is issued. "A poorly coordinated evacuation can
actually put people in harm's way," says the California Seismic Safety Commission. "An
evacuation has its risks and should not be undertaken lightly. ..II Frequent evacuations
based on small tsunamis or false alarms, some worry, will cause a disbelieving public to
ignore warnings. Because of their large populations at risk, Huntington Beach and
Newport Beach plan phased evacuations starting with those areas closest to the beach.
This suggests that an alternative approach might be to develop a graduated system with
different levels or stages of tsunami hazard zones, warnings and evacuations. Because
such a change would require considerable discussion at the local, state and national level,
the Grand Jury makes no finding or recommendation on this suggestion.
At any rate, residents and visitors should have no confusion when they hear a tsunami
warning. They should know exactly what to do-Get to higher ground as soon as
possible.
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The Local Tsunami and Self-Reliance
In a local tsunami, coastal residents and visitors will be on their own. Self-reliance will
be the key to survival.
AP. is the case for any disaster, every household along the coast should have a plan for
dealing with a tsunami. Emergency managers and the Red Cross recommend having a
weather radio to keep people informed about weather- and water-related warnings.
Residents should prepare "grab and go" bags such as a backpack with necessary supplies,
such as food, water, medication and spare eyeglasses. No one should enter the water or
attempt to ride the waves. A churning tsunami cannot be surfed. The waves will hurl
debris with deadly force, and swimmers and boats may be crushed against buildings.
, ''Tsunami,'' The American Red Cross website,
http://www.redcross.orglservices/disaster/O,1082,0 592 -,OO.html
10 "Surviving a Tsunami: Lessons from Chile, Haw~ii and Japan," Brian F. Atwater, Marco Cisternas V.,
Joanne Bourgeois, Walter C. Dudley, James W. Hendley II, and Peter H. Stauffer, U.S. Geological Survey
Circular 1187. revised and reprinted 2005.
II "The Tsunami Threat to California," State ofCalifomia Seismic Safety Commission, December 2005.
11
.
.-
.
In a local tsunami.:-.-as in a wildfire-individuals may be required to make split-second
decisions Withlife-or-death consequences. According to San Clemente's emergency
plan, a tsunami ''may require self-evacuations through areas damaged by the earthquake
and at high risk of aftershocks." The Newport Beach website leaves no room for
equivocation. "When you hear a tsunami warning, you must assume a dangerous wave is
on its way," the city's website states. "Leave the beach immediately! Move to higher
ground or upper floors of buildings. Do not take the time to go to your car."
The better-safe-than-sorry rule applies. In the event of a major earthquake violent
enough to make it difficult to stand, residents and visitors in the tsunami hazard zone
must assume that a tsunami could strike within minutes. To ensure that they are prepared
requires relentless public education directed toward visitors as well as residents.
CONCLUSION
Because of the efforts of its emergency planners, the Orange County coast is probably
better prepared for a tsunami than any other comparable stretch of California coast.
Developing coordinated, countywide tsunami response plans with new signage and
public education tools and activities represents a significant improvement.
.
The Grand Jury concluded, however, that the information available to visitors and
perhaps even to some residents is insufficient to reduce casualties in the event of a local
tsunami disaster. The signage is too small and, in some cases, fails to provide adequate
notice to visitors entering the tsunami hazard zone. Sirens may be ineffective unless
those hearing the warning know what to do, through signage or other means. Public
education is largely directed at permanent residents and overlooks visitors. Yet, on warm
summer days, visitors may oumumber residents and be at greater risk in a tsunami due to
inadequate information about tsunamis.
COMMENDATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Grand Jury commends the emergency managers for Orange County coastal
communities who, following the disas1rous 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, took the
initiative and provided the leadership to re-examine local tsunami plans. Their efforts led
to the May 2006 countywide tsunami exercise in which representatives of more than five
dozen government agencies participated. Thanks to them, Orange County is the most
prepared stretch of coast in California to respond to a rare but dangerous tsunami.
The Grand Jury also wishes to acknowledge the cooperation and professionalism of these
emergency managers who answered the jurors' many questions quite graciously.
FINDINGS
In accordance with California Penal Code sections 933 and 933.05, each finding shall be
responded to by the government entity to which it is addressed. The responses are to be
.
12
submitted to the Presiding Judge of the Superior Court. The 2007-2008 Orange County
Grand Jury bas arrived at the following findings:
.
F-l. The Sheriff Department's existing tsunami inundation maps are inconsistent with
those used by the two largest coastal cities, appear to l11inimi7.e the threat and could
contribute to misinformed decision-making during a crisis.
F-2. Existing tsunami signs along roadways are small, difficult to read and, in at least
one city, not visible to visitors driving into the tsunami hazard zone.
F-3. Sirens at the beach without public address capability are ineffective unless
beachgoers know what the sirens mean and how to respond to the warning.
F-4. Public education directed at beach visitors is inadequate, making them the least
prepared and highest at-risk population in the event of a tsunami.
Responses to findings F-l, F-2 and F-4 are required from:
. City Council, City of Newport .Beach
. County of Orange Sheriff-Coroner
. City Council, City of Dana Point
. City Council, City of Laguna Beach
. City Council, City of Huntington Beach
. City Council, City of Seal Beach
. City Council, City of San Clemente
.
Responses to finding F-3 are required from:
. City Council, City of Huntington Beach
_ . City Council, City of Newport Beach
A response to finding F-2 is requested from:
. OC Infrastructure (formerly the County Resources and Development
Management Department)
RECOMMENDATIONS
In accordance with California Penal Code sections 933 and 933.05, each recommendation
will be responded to by the government entity to which it is addressed. The responses are
to be submitted to the Presiding Judge of the Superior Court. Based on the findings of
this report, the 2007-2008 Orange County Grand Jury makes the following
recommendations:
R-I. The Sheriff Department's Emergency Management Bureau: Develop a plan in
coordination with beach cities to standardize tsunami maps for the entire Orange County
coast.
.
13
.
R-2a. All beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Replace all sma1l and
medium sized tsunami signs with the largest tsunami signs authorized by Caltrans.
R-2b. All beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Post the largest tsunami
hazard zone signs visible to inbound traffic on major roads and on Pacific Coast Highway
if tsunami hazard signs are not already posted there.
R-3. The cities of Huntington Beach and Newport Beach: Establish a means of
informing non-resident visitors what the sirens mean and what visitors should do when
the sirens sound.
R-4. All beach cities and the Sheriff Department's Emergency Management Bmeau:
Develop methods to communicate tsunami public education messages to beach visitors.
Responses to recommendations R-I. R-2a. R-2b and R-4 are required from:
. City Council. City of Newport Beach
. County of Orange Sheriff-Coroner
. City Council. City of Dana Point
. City Council, City of Laguna Beach
. City Council. City of Huntington Beach
. City Council. City of Seal Beach
· City Council. City of San. Clemente
.
Responses to recommendation R-3 are required from:
. City Council. City of Huntington Beach
. City Council. City of Newport Beach
A response to recommendations R-2a and R-2b is requested from:
· OC Infrastructure (formerly the County Resources and Development
Management Department)
REQUIRED RESPONSES
The California Penal Code specifies the required permissible responses to the findings and
recommendations contained in this report. The specific sections are quoted below:
~933.05(a) For purposes of subdivision (b) of Section 933, as to each grand jury
finding. the responding person or entity sJ:I:all indicate one of the following:
(1) The respondent agrees with the finding.
(2) The respondent disagrees wholly or partially with the finding, in which case
the response shall specify the portion of the finding that is disputed and shall
include an explanation of the reasons therefore.
.
14
(b) For purposes of subdivision (b) of Section 933, as to each grand jury
recommendation, the responding person or entity shall report one of the following
actions:
.
(1) The recommendation has been implemented, with a summary regarding the
implemented action.
(2) The recommendation has not yet been implemented, but will be implemented
in the future, with a timeframe for implementation.
(3) The recommendation requires further analysis, with an explanation and the
scope and parameters of an analysis or study, and a timeframe for the matter to be
prepared for discussion by the officer or head of the agency or department being
investigated or reviewed, including the governing body of the public agency when
applicable. This timeframe shall not exceed six months from the date of
publication of the grand jury report
(4) The recommendation will not be implemented because it is not warranted or is
not reasonable, with an explanation therefore.
.
.
15
California Penal Code Sections 6933 and 6933.05
.
.
[Note: to reduce grand jury requests for additional response information, the.grand jury has bolded those
words in ~933.05 which should be appropriately included in a response]
~933 (a) Each grand jury shall submit to the presiding judge of the superior court a final report of its
findings and recommendations that pertain to county government matters during the fiscal or
calendar year. Final reports on any appropriate subject may be submitted to the presiding judge of
the superior court at any time during the term of service of a grand jury. A final report may be
submitted for comment to responsible officers, agencies, or departments, including the county
board of supervisors, when applicable, upon finding of the presiding judge that the report is in
compliance with this title. For 4S days after the end of the term, the foreperson and his or her
designees shall, upon reasonable notice, be available to clarify the recommendations of the report.
(b) One copy of each final report, together with the responses thereto, found to be in compliance
with this title shall be placed on file with the clerk of the court and remain on file in the office of
the clerk. The clerk shall immediately forward a true copy of the report and the responses to the
State Archivist who shall retain that report and all responses in pexpetuity.
(c) No later than 90 days after the grand jury submits a final report on the operations ofanypubli~
agency subject to its reviewing authority, the governing body of the public agency shall comment
to the presiding judge of the superior court on the findings and recommendations pertaining to
matters under the control of the governing body, and every elected county officer or agency head
for which the grand jury has responsibility purs~t to Section 914.1 shall comment within 60
days to the presiding judge of the superior court, with an information copy sent to the board of
supervisors, on the findings and recommendations pertaining to matters under the control of that
county officer or agency head and any agency or agencies which that officer or agency head
supervises or controls. In any city and county, the mayor shall also comment on the findings and
recommendations. All of these comments and reports shall forthwith be submitted to the presiding
judge of the superior court who impaneled the grandjury. A copy of all responses to grand jury
reports shall be placed on file with the clerk of the public agency and the office of the county
clerk, or the mayor when applicable, and shall remain on file in those offices. One copy shall be
placed on file with the applicable grand jury final report by, and in the control of the currently
impaneled grand jury, where it shall be maintained for a U1;niml1m offive years.
(d) As used in this section "agency" includes a department.
.
~933.05 (a) For purposes of subdivision (b) of Section 933, as to each grand jury finding, the responding
person or entity shall indicate one of the following:
(1) The respondent agrees with the finding.
(2) The respondent disagrees wholly or partially with the finding, in which case the
response shall specify the portion of the finding that is disputed and shall include an
explanation of the reasons therefor.
(b) For purposes of subdivision (b) of Section 933, as to each grand jury recommendation, the
responding person or entity shall report one of the following actions:
(1) The recommendation has been implemented, with a summary regarding the
implemented action.
(2) The recommendation has not yet been implemented, but wUl be implemented in the
future, with a timeframe for implementation.
(3) The recommendation requires further analysis, with an explanation and the scope and
parameters of an analysis or study, and a timeframe for the matter to be prepared for
discussion by the officer or head of the agency or department being investigated or
reviewed, including the governing body of the public agency when applicable. This
timeframe shall not exceed six months from the date of publication of the grand jury report.
(4) The recommendation will not be implemented because it is not wananted or is not
reasonable, with an explanation therefor.
(c) However, ifa finding or recommendation of the grand jury addresses budgetary Dr personnel .
matters of a county agency Dr department headed by an elected officer, both the agency or
department head and the board of supervisors shall respond if requested by the grand jury, but the
response of the board of supervisors shall address only those budgetary Dr personnel matters over
which it has some decision making authority. The response of the elected agency Dr department
head shall address all aspects of the fintf;n~ Dr recommendations affecting his or her agency or
department.
(d) A grand jury may request a subject person or entity to come before the grand jury for the
pmpose of reading and discussing the findings of the grand jury report that relates to that person or
entity in order to verify the accmacy of the findings prior to their release.
(e) During an investigation, the grand jury shall meet with the subject of that investigation
regarding the investigation, unless the court, either on its own determination or upon request of the
foreperson of the grandjury, determines that such a meeting would be detrimental.
(f) A grand jury shall provide to the affected agency a copy of the portion of the grand jury report
relating to that person or entity two working days prior to its public release and after the approval
of the presiding judge. No officer, agency, department, Dr governing body of a public agency shall
disclose any contents of the report prior to the public release of the final report.
.
.
May 12, 2008
Nancy Wieben-Stock, Presiding Judge
Orange County Superior Court
700 Civic Center Drive West
Santa Ana, CA 92701
Re.: Mayor's Response to Grand Jury Report: "PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami Strikes
the Orange County Riviera..."
.
Dear Judge Wieben-Stock:
My office, that of the City of Seal Beach Mayor, received the Orange County Grand Jury report,
"PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami Strikes the Orange County Riviera..." The Seal Beach Police
Department serves as the primary agency for the City of Seal Beach (City), charged with disaster
preparedness preparations. Based upon the requests detailed in the report, I have compiled responses
pursuant to California Penal Code Sections ~933 and ~933.05 to Findings F-1, F-2, and F-4 as well as
Recommendations R-1, R2-a, R-2b, and R-4.
RESPONSE TO FINDINGS and RECOMMENDATIONS:
Finding-1. "The Sheriff Department's existing tsunami inundation maps are inconsistent with those used
by the two largest coastal cities, appear to minimize the threat and could contribute to misinformed
decision-making during a crisis. "
Recommendation-1. "The Sheriff Department's Emergency management Bureau: Develop a plan in
coordination with beach cities to standardize tsunami maps for the entire Orange County coast. "
I agree with the Grand Jury's finding and support the development of a standardized tsunami inundation
map for the entire Orange County coast. This recommendation's implementation will occur as
coordinated by and in conjunction with the agency charged with implementation, the Orange County
Sheriff's Department's Emergency Management Bureau (OCSD's EMB). The Seal Beach Police
Department, acting as this City's responsible agency for disaster preparedness, is committed to
supporting the OCSD's EMB in any way possible within the limits of our resources.
.
Findlng-2. "Existing tsunami signs along roadways are small, difficult to read and, in at least one city, not
visible to visitors driving into the tsunami hazard zone. "
Recommendation-2a. "AII beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Replace a/I small
and medium sized tsunami signs with the largest tsunami signs authorized by Caltrans. "
Recommendatlon-2b. "AII beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Post the largest
tsunami hazard zone signs visible to inbound traffic on major roads and on Pacific Coast Highway if
tsunami hazard signs are not already posted there."
Response to Orange County Grand Jury Report
Page 2
I partially disagree with the Grand Jury's finding. The City, in the wake of the June 14, 2005 tsunami .
warning, entered into a series of implementations to better prepare its publics to respond to tsunami and
other threats. Included in those implementations was an effort to comply with and meet the standards
established by the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) and National Weather Service's
(NWS) Storm Ready and TsunamiReady public awareness programs. An element of these programs
included signage posted to beach community entrances and within beach communities directing beach
visitors and residents away from the threat. The City followed the FEMA and NWS program guidelines
(no other guidelines existed at the time), and budgeted for, acquired, and installed "approved" signage,
consistent with equivalent signage in other Orange County beach communities at the time. Both
FEMAlNWS and CalTrans approved the signage. The NWS awarded the City full certification for
complete compliance with all guidelines required for completion of their TsunamiReady program at the
March 10, 2008 City Council Meeting.
With the exception of Sunset Beach (OC unincorporated area), the City has the shortest beach in the
entire county (2.0 miles according to the Grand Jury's report). Nonetheless, the City posted 66 warning
or directional signs in its beach area and on roadways leading down to and through the beach
neighborhoods and Pacific Coast Highway. Evaluated another way, this means Seal Beach posted 33
signs per mile of beach - 66% more signage than any other beach community in the county!
According to the Grand Jury's report, the signs we posted are the smallest of the three sizes available.
The City purchased and installed approved signage in compliance with known, contemporary,
requirements. It will not replace those signs with larger signs until the existing signs become damaged or
stolen. At that time, replacement signage mav include the largest sign age dependent on available
resources.
Finding-4. "Public education directed at beach visitors is inadequate, making them the least prepared .
and highest at-risk population in the event of a tsunami. "
Recommendation-4: "All beach cities and the Sheriff Department's Emergency Management Bureau:
Develop methods to communicate tsunami public education messages to beach visitors. "
I agree with the finding. We will develop and execute continuous educational messaging to beach
visitors, potentially including educational signage in beach parking lots, website informational postings,
SB Visitor Bureau pamphleting, etc.
As mentioned above, after the 2005 tsunami warning, the City took an aggressive approach to disaster
preparedness and over the last three years has demonstrated its commitment by way of the following
examples. However, the City's efforts will not stop with the items bulleted below:
· Added website links on the City's website (www.seal-beach.ca.us) to professionally recognized
educational and informational disaster preparedness sites, including those addressing tsunamis.
· Added in-house preparedness pages to the City's website, addressing a multitude of hazards, in
addition to and including tsunami's.
· Used the City's cable-television bulletin board to post educational information to the local cable
community.
· Hired a state recognized, professional disaster preparedness consultant to overhaul and update
its existing Emergency Operations Plan. The Plan is now updated every two years.
· : Developed a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) of community volunteers currently
numbering approximately 50 people. These volunteers were trained to FEMA and USFirstGov .
standards including those of the Incident Command System (ICS), Standardized Emergency
GRAND JURY MAYOR'S RESPONSE - Tsunami - Paradise Lost. If A Tsunami Strike the OC Riviera
.
.
.
Response to Orange County Grand Jury Report
Page 3
Management System (SEMS), and the National Incident Management System (NIMS), light
search and rescue, first-aid, and cardio-pulmonary rescue (CPR).
o Then embracing the concept that disasters, like crime, fail to recognize community
borders, we enlisted the west-county-border cities of Los Alamitos, Cypress, La Palma,
Buena Park, and Westminster to develop similar CERT programs. Once done, we rolled
all six cities' CERT volunteers under the common organizational umbrella of the West
Orange County CERT - the first of its kind regionally and nationally. This cooperative
West OC CERT now has approximately 250 volunteers for use in any community
needing trained and indemnified disaster worker personnel.
.
We expanded our previous Senior Volunteer Program and renamed it to comply with the federal
Volunteers in Policing program, lowering the entrance age and generating further indemnification
for the involved personnel and the City. These 65 volunteers are cross-trained in CERT
techniques and available in addition to our CERT volunteers.
.
We used Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and FEMA grant monies to acquire a fully-
equipped 4x4 crew-cab, heavy duty pick-up truck, and a 22' box trailer to haul disaster.equipment
to locations in need.
o The equipment includes hand tools, personal safety equipment, lighting, generators, etc.
.
We used DHS Urban Area Security Initiative grant monies, pooled with the Cities of Los Alamitos
and Cypress to design and purchase a state-of-the-art, 40' long mobile command post for use in
a variety of incidents, including natural and man-made disasters.
.
Using California Law Enforcement Equipment Program (CLEEP) grant monies, we upgraded the
City's Emergency Operations Center located in the police headquarters building.
. Upgraded previously purchased and deployed a mass-call communication system (Reverse9-1-1)
to communicate with our publics. (We used this system to warn our publics in the potential
known inundation zones on June 14, 2008, and continue to use it for law enforcement and
emergency incidents.)
. Lastly, the City approved and budgeted for an additional person to its overall employee roster. It
hired a trained, certified, and experienced Emergency Services Manager. His role is to design
and coordinate all current and future, disaster preparedness programs within our community.
I appreciate the time spent by the 2007-2008 Orange County Grand Jury examining Orange County's
tsunami readiness and look forward to an enhanced, united, and collaborative disaster preparedness
system for our citizens and community.
Sincerely,
CHARLESJ.ANTOS,MAYOR
CITY OF SEAL BEACH
GRAND JURY MAYOR'S RESPONSE - Tsunaml- Paradise Lost -If A Tsunami Strike the OC Riviera
May 12, 2008
Nancy Wieben-Stock, Presiding Judge
Orange County Superior Court
700 Civic Center Drive West
Santa Ana, CA 92701
Re.: City Council's Response to Grand Jury Report: "PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami
Strikes the Orange County Riviera.....'
.
Dear Judge Wieben-Stock:
The office of the City of Seal Beach City Council has received the Orange County Grand Jury report,
"PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami Strikes the Orange County Riviera..." The Seal Beach Police
Department serves as the primary agency for the City of Seal Beach (City), charged with disaster
preparedness preparations. Based upon the requests detailed in the report, we have compiled responses
pursuant to California Penal Code Sections ~933 and ~933.05 to Findings F-1, F-2, and F-4 as well as
Recommendations R-1, R2-a, R-2b, and R-4.
RESPONSE TO FINDINGS and RECOMMENDATIONS:
Flndlng-1. "The Sheriff Department's existing tsunami inundation maps are inconsistent with those used
by the two largest coastal cities, appear to minimize the threat and could contribute to misinformed
decision-making during a crisis. II
Recommendatlon-1. "The Sheriff Department's Emergency management Bureau: Develop a plan in
coordination with beach cities to standardize tsunami maps for the entire Orange County coast."
We agree with the Grand Jury's finding and support the development of a standardized tsunami
inundation map for the entire Orange County coast. This recommendation's implementation will occur as
coordinated by and in conjunction with the agency charged with implementation, the Orange County
Sheriff's Departmenfs Emergency Management Bureau (OCSD's EMB). The Seal Beach Police
Department, acting as this City's responsible agency for disaster preparedness, is committed to
supporting the OCSD's EMB in any way possible within the limits of our resources.
.
Flndlng-2. II Existing tsunami signs along roadways are small, difficult to read and, in at least one city, not
visible to visitors driving into the tsunami hazard zone. II
Recommendation-2a. "All beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Replace all small
and medium sized tsunami signs with the largest tsunami signs authorized by Caltrans. II
Recommendatlon-2b. "All beach cities and the County on behaff of Sunset Beach: Post the largest
tsunami hazard zone signs visible to inbound traffic on major roads and on Pacific Coast Highway if
tsunami hazard signs are not already posted there. II
Response to Orange County Grand Jury Report
Page 2
We partially disagree with the Grand Jury's finding. The City, in the wake of the June 14, 2005 tsunami .
warning, entered into a series of implementations to better prepare its publics to respond to tsunami and
other threats. Included in those implementations was an effort to comply with and meet the standards
established by the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) and National Weather Service's
(NWS) Storm Ready and TsunamiReady public awareness programs. An element of these programs
included signage posted to beach community entrances and within beach communities directing beach
visitors and residents away from the threat. The City followed the FEMA and NWS program guidelines
(no other guidennes existed at the time), and budgeted for, acquired, and installed "approved" signage,
consistent with equivalent signage in other Orange County beach communities at the time. Both
FEMAlNWS and CalTrans approved the signage. The NWS awarded the City full certification for
complete compliance with all guidelines required for completion of their TsunamiReady program at the
March 10, 2008 City Council Meeting.
With the exception of Sunset Beach (OC unincorporated area), the City has the shortest beach in the
entire county (2.0 miles according to the Grand Jury's report). Nonetheless, the City posted 66 warning
or directional signs in its beach area and on roadways leading down to and through the beach
neighborhoods and Pacific Coast Highway. Evaluated another way, this means Seal Beach posted 33
signs per mile of beach - 66% more signage than any other beach community in the county!
According to the Grand Jury's report, the signs we posted are the smallest of the three sizes available.
The City purchased and installed approved signage in compliance with known, contemporary,
requirements. It will not replace those signs with larger signs until the existing signs become damaged or
stolen. At that time, replacement signage mav include the largest signage dependent on available
resources.
Finding-4. "Public education directed at beach visitors is inadequate, making them the least prepared .
and highest at-risk population in the event of a tsunami. "
Recommendation-4: "All beach cities and the Sheriff Department's Emergency Management Bureau:
Develop methods to communicate tsunami public education messages to beach visitors. "
We agree with the finding and will develop and execute continuous educational messaging to beach
visitors, potentially including educational signage in beach parking lots, website informational postings,
SB Visitor Bureau pamphleting, etc.
As mentioned above, after the 2005 tsunami warning, the City took an aggressive approach to disaster
preparedness and over the last three years has demonstrated its commitment by way of the following
examples. However, the City's efforts will not stop with the items bulleted below:
· Added website links on the City's website (www.seal-beach.ca.us) to professionally recognized
educational and informational disaster preparedness sites, including those addressing tsunamis.
· Added in-house preparedness pages to the City's website, addressing a multitude of hazards, in
addition to and including tsunami's.
· Used the City's cable-television bulletin board to post educational information to the local cable
community.
· Hired a state recognized, professional disaster preparedness consultant to overhaul and update
its existing Emergency Operations Plan. The Plan is now updated every two years.
· . Developed a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) of community volunteers currently
. numbering approximately 50 people. These volunteers were trained to FEMA and USFirstGov .
standards including those of the Incident Command System (ICS), Standardized Emergency
GRAND JURY CITY COUNCIL'S RESPONSE - Tsunami - Paradise Lost - If A Tsunami Strike the OC Riviera
.
.
.
Response to Orange County Grand Jury Report
Page 3
Management System (SEMS), and the National Incident Management System (NIMS), light
search and rescue, first-aid, and cardio-pulmonary rescue (CPR).
o Then embracing the concept that disasters, like crime, fail to recognize community
borders, we enlisted the west-county-border cities of Los Alamitos, Cypress, La Palma,
Buena Park, and Westminster to develop similar CERT programs. Once done, we rolled
all six cities' CERT volunteers under the common organizational umbrella of the West
Orange County CERT - the first of its kind regionally and nationally. This cooperative
West OC CERT now has "approximately 250 volunteers for use in any community
needing trained and indemnified disaster worker personnel.
.
We expanded our previous Senior Volunteer Program and renamed it to comply with the federal
Volunteers in Policing program, lowering the entrance age and generating further indemnification
for the involved personnel and the City. These 65 volunteers are cross-trained in CERT
techniques and available in addition to our CERT volunteers.
.
We used Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and FEMA grant monies to acquire a fully-
equipped 4x4 crew-cab, heavy duty pick-up truck, and a 22' box trailer to haul disaster equipment
to locations in need.
o The equipment includes hand tools, personal safety equipment, lighting, generators, etc.
.
We used DHS Urban Area Security Initiative grant. monies, pooled with the Cities of Los Alamitos
and Cypress to design and purchase a state-of-the-art, 40' long mobile command post for use in
a variety of incidents, including natural and man-made disasters.
.
Using California Law Enforcement Equipment Program (CLEEP) grant monies, we upgraded the
City's Emergency Operations Center located in the police headquarters building.
. Upgraded previously purchased and deployed a mass-call communication system (Reverse9-1-1)
to communicate with our publics. (We used this system to warn our publics in the potential
known inundation zones on June 14, 2008, and continue to use it for law enforcement and
emergency incidents.)
. Lastly, the City approved and budgeted for an additional person to its overall employee roster. It
hired a trained, certified, and experienced Emergency Services Manager. His role is to design
and coordinate all current and future, disaster preparedness programs within our community.
We appreciate the time spent by the 2007-2008 Orange County Grand Jury examining Orange County's
tsunami readiness and look forward to an enhanced, united, and collaborative disaster preparedness
system for our citizens and community.
Sincerely,
MAYOR CHARLES J. ANTOS
SEAL BEACH CITY COUNCIL
MAYOR PRO TEM MICHAEL P. LEVITT
SEAL BEACH CITY COUNCIL
COUNCIL PERSON GORDON A. SHANKS
SEAL BEACH CITY COUNCIL
COUNCIL PERSON DAVID W. SLOAN
SEAL BEACH CITY COUNCIL
COUNCIL PERSON GARY MILLER
SEAL BEACH CITY COUNCIL
GRAND JURY CITY COUNCIL'S RESPONSE - Tsunami - Paradise Lost - If A Tsunami Strike the OC Riviera
April 29, 2008
Nancy Wieben-Stock, Presiding Judge
Orange County Superior Court
700 Civic Center Drive West
Santa Ana, CA 92701
Re.: Agency Head's Response to Grand Jury Report: "PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami
Strikes the Orange County Riviera..."
Dear Judge Wieben-Stock:
.
My office received the Orange County Grand Jury report, "PARADISE LOST: If a Tsunami Strikes the
Orange County Riviera...". The Seal Beach Police Department serves as the primary agency for the
City of Seal Beach (City), charged with disaster preparedness preparations. Based upon the requests
detailed in the report, I have compiled responses pursuant to California Penal Code Sections ~933 and
~933.05 to Findings F-1, F-2, and F-4 as well as Recommendations R-1, R2-a, R-2b, and R-4.
RESPONSE TO FINDINGS and RECOMMENDATIONS:
Finding-1. "The Sheriff Department's existing tsunami inundation maps are inconsistent with those used
by the two largest coastal cities, appear to minimize the threat and could contribute to misinformed
decision-making during a crisis. II
Recommendation-1. liThe Sheriff Department's Emergency management Bureau: Develop a plan in
coordination with beach cities to standardize tsunami maps for the entire Orange County coast. "
We agree with the Grand Jury's finding and support the development of a standardized tsunami
inundation map for the entire Orange County coast. This recommendation's implementation will occur as
coordinated by and in conjunction with the agency charged with implementation, the Orange County
Sheriff's Department's Emergency Management Bureau (OCSD's EMB). The Seal Beach Police
Department, acting as this City's responsible agency for disaster preparedness, is committed to
supporting the OCSD's EMB in any way possible within the limits of our resources.
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Finding-2. II Existing tsunami signs along roadways are small, difficult to read and, in at least one city, not
visible to visitors driving into the tsunami hazard zone. II
Recommendation-2a. "All beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Replace all small
and medium sized tsunami signs with the largest tsunami signs authorized by Caltrans. II
Recommendation-2b. "All beach cities and the County on behalf of Sunset Beach: Post the largest
tsunami..hazard zone signs visible to inbound traffic on major roads and on Pacific Coast Highway if
tsunami hazard signs are not already posted there. II
Response to Orange County Grand Jury Report
Page 2
We partially disagree with the Grand Jury's finding. The City, in the wake of the June 14, 2005 tsunami .
warning, entered into a series of implementations to better prepare its publics to respond to tsunami and
other threats. Included in those implementations was an effort to comply with and meet the standards
established by the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) and National Weather Service's
(NWS) Storm Ready and TsunamiReady public awareness programs. An element of these programs
included signage posted to beach community entrances and within beach communities directing beach
visitors and residents away from the threat. The City followed the FEMA and NWS program guidelines
(no other guidelines existed at the time), and budgeted for, acquired, and installed "approved" signage,
consistent with equivalent signage in other Orange County beach communities at the time. Both
FEMAlNWS and CalTrans approved the signage. The NWS awarded the City full certification for
complete compliance with all guidelines required for completion of their TsunamiReady program at the
March 10, 2008 City Council Meeting.
With the exception of Sunset Beach (OC unincorporated area) the City has the shortest beach in the
entire county (2.0 miles according to the Grand Jury's report). Nonetheless, the City posted 66 warning
or directional signs in its beach area and on roadways leading down to and through the beach
neighborhoods and Pacific Coast Highway. Evaluated another way, this means Seal Beach posted 33
signs per mile of beach - 66% more signage than any other beach community in the county!
According to the Grand Jury's report, the signs we posted are the smallest of the three sizes available.
The City purchased and installed approved signage in compliance with known, contemporary,
requirements. It will not replace those signs with larger signs until the existing signs become damaged or
stolen. At that time, replacement signage mav include the largest signage dependent on available
resources.
Finding-4. "Public education directed at beach visitors is inadequate, making them the least prepared .
and highest at-risk population in the event of a tsunami. II
Recommendation-4: "All beach cities and the Sheriff Department's Emergency Management Bureau:
Develop methods to communicate tsunami public education messages to beach visitors. II
The City agrees with the finding and will develop and execute continuous educational messaging to
beach visitors, potentially including educational signage in beach parking lots, website informational
postings, SB Visitor Bureau pamphleting, etc.
As mentioned above, after the 2005 tsunami warning, the City took an aggressive approach to disaster
preparedness and over the following three years has demonstrated its commitment by way of the
following examples. However, the City's efforts will not stop with the items bulleted below:
· Added website links on the City's website (www.seal-beach.ca.us) to professionally recognized
educational and informational disaster preparedness sites, including those addressing tsunami's.
· Added in-house preparedness pages to the City's website, addressing a multitude of hazards, in
addition to and including tsunami's. .
· Used the City's cable-television bulletin board to post educational information to the local cable
community.
· Hired a state recognized, professional disaster preparedness consultant to overhaul and update
its existing Emergency Operations Plan. The Plan is now updated every two years.
· Developed a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) of community volunteers currently
. numbering approximately 50 people. These volunteers were trained to FEMA and USFirstGov
. standards including those of the Incident Command System (ICS), Standardized Emergency .
Management System (SEMS), and the National Incident Management System (NIMS), light
search and rescue, first-aid, and cardio-pulmonary rescue (CPR).
GRAND JURY coP's RESPONSE - Tsunami - Paradise Lost - If A Tsunami Strike the OC Riviera
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Response to Orange County Grand Jury Report
Page 3
o Then embracing the concept that disasters, like crime, fail to recognize community
borders, we enlisted the west-county-border cities of Los Alamitos, Cypress, La Palma,
Buena Park, and Westminster to develop similar CERT programs. Once done, we rolled
all six cities' CERT volunteers under the common organizational umbrella of the West
Orange County CERT - the first of its kind regionally and nationally. This cooperative
West OC CERT now has approximately 250 volunteers for use in any community
needing trained and indemnified disaster worker personnel.
. We expanded our previous Senior Volunteer Program and renamed it to comply with the federal
Volunteers in Policing program. These 65 volunteers are cross-trained in CERT techniques and
available in addition to our CERT volunteers.
. We used Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and FEMA grant monies to acquire a fully-
equipped 4x4 crew-cab, heavy duty pick-up truck, and a 22' box trailer to haul disaster equipment
to locations in need.
o The equipment includes hand tools, personal safety equipment, lighting, generators, etc.
. We used DHS Urban Area Security Initiative grant monies, pooled with the Cities of Los Alamitos
and Cypress to design and purchase a state-of-the-art, 40' long mobile command post for use in
a variety of incidents, including natural and man-made disasters.
. Using California Law Enforcement Equipment Program (CLEEP) grant monies, we upgraded the
City's Emergency Operations Center located in the police headquarters building.
. Upgraded previously purchased and deployed a mass-call communication system (Reverse9-1-1)
to communicate with our publics. (We used this system to warn our publics in the potential
known inundation zones on June 14, 2008, and continue to use it for law enforcement and
emergency incidents.)
. Lastly, the City approved and budgeted for an additional person to its overall employee roster. It
hired a trained, certified, and experienced Emergency Services Manager. His role is to design
and coordinate all current and future, disaster preparedness programs within our community.
We appreciate the time spent by the Orange County Grand Jury examining Orange County's tsunami
readiness and look forward to an enhanced, united, and collaborative disaster preparedness system for
our citizens and community.
F KIRKPATRICK
II' CHIEF OF POLICE
GRAND JURY coP's RESPONSE - Tsunami - Paradise Lost - If A Tsunami Strike the OC Riviera